Value-added performance of processed cardboard and farm breeding compost by pyrolysis

Ghorbel, Leila; Rouissi, Tarek; Brar, Satinder Kaur; López-González, D.; Ramírez, Antonio Avalos; Godbout, Stéphane

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2015.01.009

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…To gauge production temperature, a built-in retort probe and data logger continuously recorded temperature ever 6 h (reported in Licht et al, 2017) achieving T max in the 590-615 • C range. The T max results were consistent with experiments described by others (Mitchell et al, 2013;Ghorbel et al, 2015). Retort PyC was also pulverized in a small blender and screened to <10 mm particles.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 89%

Pyrogenic Carbon Increases Pitch Pine Seedling Growth, Soil Moisture Retention, and Photosynthetic Intrinsic Water Use Efficiency in the Field

Licht¹,

Smith²

2020

Front. For. Glob. Change

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Climate change and land management are altering forest fire frequency and intensity worldwide. In some Northeast U.S. forests, pitch pine (Pinus rigida Miller) is not suffering from presence but rather a lack of wildfire events. In their absence, prescribed fire is being used to diminish fuel loads, open canopies and reduce competition. Pyrogenic carbon (PyC) produced by the fires may also improve soil moisture retention and plant physiological processes. Where the application of prescribed fire is not feasible due to nearby human populations, we reason prescribed fire PyC could be replaced by anthropogenic PyC product to provide similar soil benefits. We tested this hypothesis with pitch pine seedlings at a site absent overstory planted in submerged tree pots with control and PyC-imbued soils. Investigators found anthropogenic and forest PyC fostered similar growth, soil moisture retention and photosynthetic intrinsic water use efficiency, both significantly higher than unamended soils. We conclude anthropogenic subsurface PyC soil amendment provides a conservation management tool for enhancing benefits in ecosystems where prescribed fire is not a viable option in northerly forests in the U.S.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 89%

Pyrogenic Carbon Increases Pitch Pine Seedling Growth, Soil Moisture Retention, and Photosynthetic Intrinsic Water Use Efficiency in the Field

Licht¹,

Smith²

2020

Front. For. Glob. Change

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“…The two main factors determining biochar characteristics are the physical properties of the raw material and the pyrolytic conditions (e.g., temperature, heating rate, and retention time) [5]. Pyrolysis methods can be broadly categorized into fast or slow techniques, respectively featuring a high heating rate of 100-1000 • C•s −1 to produce gas or oil or a low heating rate of 20-100 • C•min −1 , which is more effective for biochar production [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of NaCl Concentration on Food-Waste Biochar Structure and Templating Effects

Lee

Kim

et al. 2018

Energies

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Food-waste-derived biochar structures obtained through pyrolysis and with different NaCl concentrations were investigated. Increased NaCl concentration in the samples inhibited cellulose and lignin decomposition, ultimately increasing the biochar yield by 2.7% for 20%-NaCl concentration. NaCl added in solution state exhibited templating effects, with maximum increases in the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area and pore volume of 1.23 to 3.50 m2∙g−1 and 0.002 to 0.007 cm3∙g−1, respectively, after washing. Adding a high concentration (20%) of NaCl reduced the BET surface area. In contrast, the mean pore diameter increased owing to the increased NaCl clustering area. Increased NaCl clustering with increased added NaCl was shown to have positive effects on NaCl removal by washing. Furthermore, as the NaCl adhered to the KCl scattered in the food waste, a high NaCl concentration also had positive effects on KCl removal. This study reports on an investigation on the effects of varying NaCl concentrations injected in solution form on the structure of food-waste biochar during pyrolysis. The templating effect was considered using both added NaCl and NaCl already contained in the food waste, with implementation of a desalination process essential for food-waste treatment for recycling.

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“…This amount accounts for just 2.1% of the total food waste, and it shows that the recycling rate is very low. Furthermore, compared to the amount of compost produced every day, the amount of consumption required in farms is smaller, and the rest is not consumed and has to be used as landfill, which releases greenhouse gases, pollutes underground water [5], and causes other environmental problems. Accordingly, a new solution is needed to utilize the excess food waste compost that is not used for its original production purposes and requires treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Agustin [10] performed a study using the gases generated from the composting process, including a study on compost degradation to produce hydrogen gases, but it did not utilize the compost itself. Ghorbel et al [5] performed pyrolysis on farm breeding compost and cardboard, compared them, and revealed that the value of compost as a biofuel was not good enough, as cardboard had a much higher calorific value than compost. Ryu et al [11] performed a study that combined mushroom compost with coal tailings and recycled it as a pellet-type fuel, but compost was only used to play a supporting role for coal tailings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Value-Added Performance and Thermal Decomposition Characteristics of Dumped Food Waste Compost by Pyrolysis

Lee

Kim

et al. 2018

Energies

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Food waste compost has a high Na content, which interferes with plant growth when used as a soil enhancer and therefore makes it difficult to use. And, compared to the amount of compost produced every day, the amount of consumption required in farms is smaller, and the rest is buried underground, which releases greenhouse gases and pollutes underground water. This research compared and analyzed thermal degradation behavior, calorific value, and gas spectrometry during the pyrolysis between food waste compost and sawdust to suggest producing food waste compost biochar by pyrolysis as a new alternative solution to utilize the massive amount of food waste compost. Biochar from pyrolysis of food waste compost had a high carbon content of 51% at 300 • C, and the carbon content decreased as the pyrolysis temperature increased. According to the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and derivative thermo-gravimetric (DTG) analysis results, compost showed the largest weight reduction from 240 • C to 365 • C. The weight reduction temperature ranges for compost and sawdust were quite similar. This occurred because food waste of the compost was degraded, but sawdust of compost remained nearly during the composting process. A gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis found that the gases were fragments of fatty acids, protein, and hemi-cellulose. These results could also have been caused by degradation of microorganisms involved in the composting process, sawdust, and small fragments of food waste. In the calorific value of biochar, the highest value (24.33 kJ/g) was obtained 300 • C. At a low pyrolysis temperature, carbon fixation occurred easily since the food waste in compost was degraded by microorganism, and the volatilization of sawdust, which plays an important role in determining the calorific value, was also small. That is why the highest calorific value was shown at 300 • C, not 400 • C or 500 • C. Hence, it seems that food waste compost can be used as a promising alternative fuel at a low pyrolysis temperature, as other lignocellulosic refuse-derived fuels (RDF).

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Value-added performance of processed cardboard and farm breeding compost by pyrolysis

Cited by 28 publications

References 23 publications

Pyrogenic Carbon Increases Pitch Pine Seedling Growth, Soil Moisture Retention, and Photosynthetic Intrinsic Water Use Efficiency in the Field

Pyrogenic Carbon Increases Pitch Pine Seedling Growth, Soil Moisture Retention, and Photosynthetic Intrinsic Water Use Efficiency in the Field

Influence of NaCl Concentration on Food-Waste Biochar Structure and Templating Effects

Value-Added Performance and Thermal Decomposition Characteristics of Dumped Food Waste Compost by Pyrolysis

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