Valorization of tree leaves waste using microwave‐assisted hydrothermal carbonization process

Abstract

Biomass energy can dramatically contribute to the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions from heavily carbon-dependent sectors (Reid et al., 2020). Among the wide variety of biomass feedstocks, agricultural wastes and forestry residues are the most studied (Williams et al., 2016). However, fallen leaves from landscape trees cultivated in the urban area are a

Microwave assisted and conventional hydrothermal treatment of waste seaweed: Comparison of hydrochar properties and energy efficiency

“…In conclusion, the total energy required for the hydrothermal reaction with conventional heating for all possible film temperature values will be higher than the energy consumption in a microwave-heated reactor. In our best effort approach, an intermediate film temperature was assumed and the obtained results are comparable to (or even lower than) other literature reports (Afolabi et al, 2020;González-Arias et al, 2022;Kang et al, 2021;Shao et al, 2020;Śliz and Wilk, 2020)…”