Valorization of Grape Pomace and Berries as a New and Sustainable Dietary Supplement: Development, Characterization, and Antioxidant Activity Testing

Abstract

Grape pomace and berries represent natural sources of phytochemicals that can increase the quality of life of consumers by contributing to the prevention of chronic diseases; thus, the development of a dietary supplement was necessary. The raw material (r.m.) used for the development of the dietary supplement consisted of dried and powdered bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus L.), red currants (Ribes rubrum L.), and red fermented pomaces (Vitis vinifera L.) from Feteasca Neagra and Cabernet Sauvignon cultivars. The particle size distribution, powder flow, total phenolic content (TPC), HPLC-DAD phenolic profile assessment, and radical scavenging assay (RSA) were employed for the analysis of the raw material. After encapsulation, the average mass and uniformity of mass, the disintegration, and the uniformity of content for the obtained capsules were performed to obtain a high-quality dietary supplement. All the assays performed complied to the compendial requirements and the TPC was determined at 9.07 ± 0.25 mg gallic acid equivalents/g r.m. and RSA at 48.32 ± 0.74%. The highest quantities of phenolic compounds determined were 333.7 ± 0.50 µg/g r.m. for chlorogenic acid, followed by rutin, ferulic acid, and (+)-catechin with 198.9 ± 1.60 µg/g r.m., 179.8 ± 0.90 µg/g r.m. and 118.7 ± 0.75 µg/g r.m., respectively. The results of this study can be used for the manufacturing and assessing of pilot scale-up capsule batches and thinking of quality assurance, we recommend that the industrial batch extracts should be standardized in polyphenols, and the manufacturing process should be validated.

Vaccinium uliginosum and Vaccinium myrtillus—Two Species—One Used as a Functional Food

“…The caloric energy intake of fresh bilberries is approximately 45 kcal/100 g. They consist of water (84%), carbohydrates (9.6%), proteins (0.7%), fats (0.4%), and fibers (about 3.5%) [36]. This is compared to dry bilberry, which has 395 kcal/100 g and contains 94% carbohydrates, 3% proteins, and 1.5% fats [37]. The pH value of the bog bilberry's berry (V. uliginosum L.) was relatively high (pH = 3.5), and their titratable acidity, in turn, was moderate (1 g of citric acid/100 g).…”

Comparative Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Several Conifer Needles and Bark Extracts

“…In a test tube, 0.4 mL of sample solution, 1 mL of Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, 15 mL of water, and 2 mL of a 290 g/L Na 2 CO 3 solution were added. The mixture was shaken for 10 min and kept for 20 min in a water bath at 40 • C. After the time elapsed, the mixture was cooled, and the extinction was recorded by using an UV 1900 spectrophotometer (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) at λ = 760 nm [31].…”

Preparation and Characterization of a Novel Salicin–Cyclodextrin Complex

“…Plants represent sustainable sources of bioactive compounds and their valorization is of great concern whether they grow spontaneously or are cultivated. Worldwide the study of biologically active phytochemicals is of great interest due to their health benefits [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. The use of natural compounds in the pharmaceutical industry, offers many advantages, such as higher biocompatibility and often lower side effects compared to synthetic ones [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ].…”