Valorization of fish wastes for circular bioeconomy: A concern toward antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) contaminants for environmental safety

Ganguly, Ram Kumar; Chakraborty, Susanta Kumar

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-95998-8.00001-7

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Mobile genetic elements carrying resistance genes are linked to humans and aquaculture environments [ 91 , 92 ]. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria present in fish farming waste pose potential threats to environmental health [ 93 ]. On the basis of this comprehensive review, L. garviae , Bacterium , and P. megaterium have been identified as more qualified and safe probiotic candidates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic resistance gene-free probiont administration to tilapia for growth performance and Streptococcus agalactiae resistance

Mawardi,

Indrawati,

Lusiastuti

et al. 2023

Vet World

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Background and Aim: The rapid development of aquaculture as a major food sector is accompanied by challenges, including diseases that affect tilapia farming worldwide. One such infectious disease caused by Streptococcus agalactiae poses a serious threat to tilapia populations. Probiotics have emerged as a potentially safe preventive measure against S. agalactiae infection. However, antimicrobial resistance from antibiotic-resistant bacteria remains a concern because it can lead to the spread of resistant bacteria and serve as a reservoir of antibiotic-resistant genes in fishes and the surrounding environment. This study aimed to identify candidate probiotic bacteria capable of promoting tilapia growth, providing resistance to S. agalactiae infection, devoid of potential pathogenicity, and free from antibiotic resistance genes. Subsequently, the performance of these probiotic candidates in tilapia was evaluated. Materials and Methods: Lactococcus garvieae, Priestia megaterium, Bacterium spp., Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus pumilus were examined to assess their antibacterial properties, hemolytic patterns, and antibiotic resistance genes. We used the specific primers tetA, tetB, tetD, tetE, tetO, tetQ, ermB, and qnrS that were used for antibiotic resistance gene detection. In vivo probiotic efficacy was evaluated by administering probiotic candidates in tilapia feed at a concentration of 1 × 106 colonies/mL/50 g of feed over a 60-day maintenance period. Resistance to S. agalactiae infection was observed for 14 days after the challenge test. Results: Lactococcus garvieae, P. megaterium, and Bacterium spp. were identified as promising probiotic candidates among the bacterial isolates. On the other hand, B. megaterium, B. subtilis, and B. pumilus carried resistance genes and exhibited a β hemolytic pattern, rendering them unsuitable as probiotic candidates. The selected probiotic candidates (L. garvieae, P. megaterium, and Bacterium spp.) demonstrated the potential to enhance tilapia growth, exhibited no pathogenic tendencies, and were free from antibiotic resistance genes. Supplementation with L. garvieae and Bacterium spp. enhanced tilapia resistance to S. agalactiae infection, whereas P. megaterium supplementation showed an insignificant survival rate compared with controls after the challenge test period. Conclusion: Probiotics, particularly L. garvieae, P. megaterium, and Bacterium spp., enhance growth and resistance against S. agalactiae infection, without harboring antibiotic resistance genes. Selecting probiotic candidates based on antibiotic resistance genes is essential to ensure the safety of fish, the environment, and human health. Keywords: Bacterium, Lactococcus garvieae, Priestia megaterium, Probiotic, Streptococcus agalactiae, Tilapia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%