Valorization of Bambara groundnut shell via intermediate pyrolysis: Products distribution and characterization

Mohammed, Isah Yakub; Abakr, Yousif Abdalla; Musa, Mohamed Hanafi; Yusup, Suzana; Singh, Ajit; Kazi, Feroz Kabir

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.08.090

Cited by 50 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Pyrolysis is the thermal decomposition of biomass in total absence of oxygen to produce solid, liquid and gas products. This process has high improved efficiency, environmental suitability and Page 4 of 37 flexibility as virtually any biomass type can be handled to generate various products (Heidenreich and Foscolo, 2015;Mohammed et al, 2016c). In addition, high liquid yield (known as bio-oil) which is of most interest can be obtained through pyrolysis process under a careful control of process variables such as inert gas flowrate, pyrolysis temperature, heating rate, vapor residence time, reactor type, and the temperature regime between the reaction and cooling zone (Bridgwater, 2012;Eom et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intermediate pyrolysis has added advantages over the fast pyrolysis in that the oil from it is less reactive and may be used directly as fuel in engines and boilers. It also produces dehydrated char, which can be used for both agricultural and energy applications (Tripathi et al, 2016;Mohammed et al, 2016c). However, production of bio-oil from biomass via pyrolysis requires energy at different stages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Valorization of Napier grass via intermediate pyrolysis: Optimization using response surface methodology and pyrolysis products characterization

Mohammed

Abakr

Yusup

et al. 2017

Journal of Cleaner Production

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This study presents first optimization report on pyrolysis oil derived from Napier grass. Effects of temperature, heating rate and nitrogen flow rate on the intermediate pyrolysis of Napier grass biomass in a vertical fixed-bed tubular reactor were investigated collectively. Response surface methodology with central composite design was used for modelling the process and optimization of the process variables. Individual second order polynomial model was found to be adequate in predicting bio-oil, bio-char and non-condensable gas yield. The optimum bio-oil yield of 50.57 wt% was recorded at 600 o C, 50 o C/min and 5 L/min nitrogen flow. The bio-oil obtained throughout this study was two-phase liquid, organic and aqueous phase. The bio-oil, bio-char and non-condensable gas were characterized using standard analytical techniques. The results revealed that the organic phase consists of hydrocarbons and various benzene derivatives, which can be further processed into fuels and valuable chemicals. The aqueous phase was predominantly water, acids, ketones, aldehydes and some phenolics and other water-soluble organics. The non-condensable gas was made up high hydrogen/carbon monoxide ratio suitable Page 2 of 37 for liquid fuel synthesis via Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis. The bio-char was a porous carbonaceous material with high energy content, which can be applied as a solid fuel, adsorbent or source of biofertilizer. This study demonstrated that Napier grass biomass is a viable feedstock for production of high-value bioenergy precursors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorization of Napier grass via intermediate pyrolysis: Optimization using response surface methodology and pyrolysis products characterization

Mohammed

Abakr

Yusup

et al. 2017

Journal of Cleaner Production

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“…It has also been proved that intermediate pyrolysis of rice straw wastes proved to offset carbon dioxide than the rest of types [32]. Other intermediate pyrolysis studies on wastes such as organic fraction of municipal solid wastes [12], sugarcane bagasse [127], sugarcane bagasse and oat hulls [128], chicken manure for fertilizer and heat production [5], wheat husk [27], waste tires [129], and Bambara groundnut shells [24] have appreciated the advantages of intermediate pyrolysis. ese good results indicate the effectiveness of intermediate pyrolysis on the conversion of wastes when compared to current common technologies.…”

Section: Intermediate Pyrolysis As the Appropriatementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tinwala et al [23] researched agroindustrial biomasses and wastes on a fixed bench-scale pyrolyzer, identified distribution of biooil of 20.5-47.5% and biochar of 27.5-40%, and concluded that biooil can replace furnace oil. Mohammed et al [24] studied the utilization of groundnuts shell in a vertically fixed bed reactor and found out that, among other things, the organic phase was of good quality and can be used as the precursor for chemicals. Other publications on intermediate pyrolysis have also reported its efficiency in treating wastes and producing quality biooil and biochar products [25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Intermediate Pyrolysis as a Technology of Biomass Conversion for Coproduction of Biooil and Adsorption Biochar

Kazawadi

Ntalikwa

Kombe

2021

Journal of Renewable Energy

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The agenda to utilize and efficiently convert biomass has been raised to alleviate environmental problems and pressure on the reliance on fossil fuel. Intermediate pyrolysis has the ability to treat different biomasses and coproduction of biooil and adsorption biochar. This review article aims to evaluate the appropriateness of intermediate pyrolysis for the coproduction of biooil and adsorption biochar. It was observed that coproduced biooil is of high quality, stable, and miscible that can be used directly to existing engines or be easily blended. The biochar coproduced is good for adsorption but is not stable for microbial attack and hence unsuitable in soil treatment but for hydrometallurgy. Since the process is capable of treating waste biomass, it is an opportunity for further investigations in areas where wastes are plenty and less utilized. To increase the effectiveness of this technology for coproduction, optimizing parameters, design of efficient reactors, and use of catalyst must be worked upon.

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“…Quantity assessment of energy in a process carried out by using the first law of thermodynamics. However, it is similarly significant to allocate the quality to the energy 18 . The knowledge of “how the energy is missing” will assist in analyzing means to diminish the similar to increase the performance of the diesel engine in standings of engine output and efficiency 19 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exergy analysis of a diesel engine fuelled with Aegle marmelos de‐oiled seed cake pyrolysis oil opus

Paramasivam

2020

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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Biofuel is a renewable fuel and can be used as a replacement for diesel. Pyrolysis oil can be derived from non‐edible de‐oiled seed cakes. This investigation focuses on the exergy investigation of a compression ignition (CI) engine to maximize the work exergy (availability) and minimize the destroyed exergy, powered by Aegle marmelos (AM) de‐oiled seed cake bio‐oil blends. A dual blend of diesel and AM pyrolysis oil was taken in ratios, F0 = 100 + 0, F5 = 95 + 5, F10 = 90 + 10, F15 = 85 + 15, and F20 = 80 + 20 and were tested on a constant speed CI engine at standard compression ratio. The investigational analysis exhibited that a high amount of oxygen content in AM pyrolysis oil blends increased the brake thermal efficiency and decreased the brake‐specific fuel consumption compared with diesel (F0). The owing exergy efficiency was obtained from the F20 blend (57.21%) at 100% load (W). Based on the investigation, considering availability and performance behavior of F5, F10, F15, and F20 blends were suggested as suitable biofuel alternatives to diesel.

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Valorization of Bambara groundnut shell via intermediate pyrolysis: Products distribution and characterization

Cited by 50 publications

References 35 publications

Valorization of Napier grass via intermediate pyrolysis: Optimization using response surface methodology and pyrolysis products characterization

Valorization of Napier grass via intermediate pyrolysis: Optimization using response surface methodology and pyrolysis products characterization

A Review of Intermediate Pyrolysis as a Technology of Biomass Conversion for Coproduction of Biooil and Adsorption Biochar

Exergy analysis of a diesel engine fuelled with Aegle marmelos de‐oiled seed cake pyrolysis oil opus

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