Valles Marineris landslides: Evidence for a strength limit to Martian relief?

Bigot-Cormier, Florence; Montgomery, David R.

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2007.05.028

Cited by 26 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…For 51 RS and CL whose run out was not constrained by topographic obstacles (e.g., a wall of the chasma), we measured the run-out length L L and the fall height H L , and determined the mobility index H L /L L (Legros, 2002), also known as Heim's ratio (Hsü, 1975;Davies, 1982;Dade and Huppert, 1998), and equivalent to the apparent friction angle of Scheidegger (1973). We used the geometric measurements to: (i) establish the probability density of landslide area p( A L ) and landslide volume p(V L ), (ii) determine an empirical relationship to link the area and volume of the Martian landslides, and (iii) compare the obtained statistics and empirical relationship for the Martian landslides to similar statistics and relationships available for terrestrial landslides (Legros, 2002;Imre, 2004;Malamud et al, 2004;Bigot-Cormier and Montgomery, 2007;Guzzetti et al, 2009;Larsen et al, 2010).…”

Section: Statistics Of Landslide Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

“…(For interpretation of the references to color in this figure, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.) failed mass (Davies, 1982;Dade and Huppert, 1998;Legros, 2002;Imre, 2004;Bigot-Cormier and Montgomery, 2007). The H L /L L ratio is different from the effective friction of the materials involved in the failure, which can be determined through modelling (Lucas and Mangeney, 2007).…”

Section: Landslide Mobilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides the Earth, Mars is the planet for which rich information exists on landslides and other mass wasting processes (e.g., Lucchitta, 1978Lucchitta, , 1979Lucchitta, , 1987McEwen, 1989;Lucchitta et al, 1992;Shaller and Komatsu, 1994;Quantin et al, 2004a;Soukhovitskaya and Manga, 2006;Bigot-Cormier and Montgomery, 2007;Lucas and Mangeney, 2007). Rainfall, snowmelt, earthquakes, and volcanic activity are the primary natural triggers of terrestrial landslides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Instead, we exploited the new geomorphological inventory of landslides in VM to determine the statistics of landslide area A L and volume V L , and the Heims' ratio H L /L L for the mapped Martian landslides, and to discuss similarities and differences with similar statistics obtained for terrestrial landslides. To investigate the possible triggers of the very large landslides ( A L > 10 8 m 2 ) in VM, we adopted a rigorous Limit Equilibrium Method (LEM) (Duncan, 1996;Krahn, 2003;Zhu et al, 2005;Borselli, 2013) and we performed slope stability analyses for a selected set of failures. Results indicate that seismic shaking caused e.g., by impact events, faulting, or volcanic activity, is the probable cause for the very large Martian landslides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of a new geomorphological inventory of landslides in Valles Marineris, Mars

Brunetti

Guzzetti

Cardinali

et al. 2014

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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Section: Statistics Of Landslide Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Landslide Mobilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of a new geomorphological inventory of landslides in Valles Marineris, Mars

Brunetti

Guzzetti

Cardinali

et al. 2014

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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“…More recently, comparative analysis of different landslides was made possible based on updated data and images with better resolution, also allowing some quantitative studies of slope stability (e.g., Schulz 2002;Harrison and Grimm 2003;Quantin et al 2004a, b;Soukhovitskaya and Manga 2006;Lajeunesse et al 2006;Bigot-Cormier and Montgomery 2007;Bulmer 2012;Brunetti et al 2014). Several landslides cluster in the Valles Marineris (also VM, hereafter), a system of valleys stretching W-E along the equator that had a complex history of extensional tectonics and collapse (e.g., Schultz 1998;Hauber et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inferring the high velocity of landslides in Valles Marineris on Mars from morphological analysis

2016

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The flow characteristics and velocities of three landslides in Valles Marineris on Mars are investigated using detailed morphological analyses of high-resolution images and dynamical calculations based on the run-up and curvature of the landslide deposits. The morphologies of the landslides are described, especially concerning those characteristics that can provide information on the dynamics and velocity. The long runout and estimated high velocities, often exceeding 100 m/s, confirm a low basal friction experienced by these landslides. Because subaqueous landslides on Earth exhibit reduced friction, we explore the scenario of sub-lacustrine failures, but find little support to this hypothesis. The environmental conditions that better explain the low friction and the presence of longitudinal furrows suggest an aerial environment with a basal soft and naturally lubricating medium on which friction diminished gradually; in this perspective, ice is the most promising candidate.

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Introducing a New Inventory of Large Martian Landslides

Crosta

Frattini

Valbuzzi

et al. 2018

Earth and Space Science

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Landslides have been observed in different terrestrial environments and also on planets, satellites, and asteroids. Long runout landslides are strongly dependent on the initial mass position, material and slope path properties, topographic relief, and presence of volatiles. Therefore, landslides represent a means for the description of rock properties and environment of deposition prevailing at the time of occurrence and may assist in understanding the geological and climatological history of the planetary surfaces. Concerning Mars, previous studies have concentrated on Valles Marineris, where among the largest and longest landslides have been observed. Using different imagery, we present and analyze an original database of 3,118 Martian landslides of deposit area greater than 0.1 km2 throughout the planet between 60°N and 60°S, resulting in a data set far richer than previously done. After a distinction is made between different typologies of landslides, their position and the statistical distribution of their geometrical properties are examined. Large landslides cluster along the Noctis Labyrinthus‐Valles Marineris‐Margaritifer Terra system. Rock avalanches within craters are widespread, but no significant large landslides have been found at latitudes higher than 40°S and 46°N. The magnitude‐frequency distribution follows a power law with scaling exponent ranging between 1.02 and 1.57, for the entire data set and varies according to the geomorphological settings, the landslide typology, and mobility. A volume‐area power law relationship (exponent: 1.12–1.24) is proposed, based on the reconstruction of 222 landslide geometries, and compared to those for similar terrestrial landslides (1.39). Similarities with respect to terrestrial landslide, distribution with respect to impact craters and impact energy, and cryosphere extent are also discussed.

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Valles Marineris landslides: Evidence for a strength limit to Martian relief?

Cited by 26 publications

References 34 publications

Analysis of a new geomorphological inventory of landslides in Valles Marineris, Mars

Analysis of a new geomorphological inventory of landslides in Valles Marineris, Mars

Inferring the high velocity of landslides in Valles Marineris on Mars from morphological analysis

Introducing a New Inventory of Large Martian Landslides

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