Validity of the Titmus Vision Screener: A Comparison with the Snellen Chart

Kumar, Navasuja; Karvonen‐Gutierrez, Carrie; Musch, David C.; Harlow, Sioḃán D.; Burnett, Diana; Valenzuela, Claudia; Woodward, Maria A.; Shtein, Roni M.; Niziol, Leslie M.; Moroi, Sayoko E.

doi:10.14302/issn.2470-0436.jos-19-2693

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The Titmus vision screener is a stereoscopic instrument that is widely used in occupational and school health settings to measure vision. It has excellent sensitivity for detection of VI 23 . Participants were tested while seated and wearing their glasses or contact lenses during the test if they normally wore visual correction.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Longitudinal association of midlife vision impairment and depressive symptoms: the study of Women's Health Across the Nation, Michigan site

et al. 2021

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Objective: Poor vision affects physical health but the relationship with depressive symptoms among midlife adults (40-65 y), who often present with early stage vision impairment (VI), is not well understood. The goal of this study was to assess the impact of vision on depressive symptoms during midlife.Methods: The Michigan site of the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation conducted assessments of distance visual acuity at six consecutive, near-annual follow-up visits. At each visit, depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale) were assessed. VI was defined as mild (20/30-20/60) or moderatesevere (20/70 or worse). Multivariable logistic regression models using generalized estimating equations were used to assess the association of VI and reporting of depressive symptoms at the subsequent visit.Results: At analytic baseline, the mean age of participants (N ¼ 226) was 50.0 years (standard deviation ¼ 2.6). More than half (53.5%) of women had mild VI and 8.0% had moderate-severe VI. Adjusting for age, preexisting depressive symptoms, race, education, economic strain, body mass index, and smoking, participants with mild and moderate-severe VI had 68% (95% C (0.97-2.90)) and 2.55-fold (95% CI 1.13-5.75) higher odds of reporting depressive symptoms at their subsequent study visit as compared with women without VI. Further adjustment for diabetes, hypertension, and osteoarthritis attenuated the estimates and the associations were no longer statistically significant.Conclusion: VI was associated with increased odds of future depressive symptoms among mid-life women. Timely detection and appropriate correction of VI may be important to consider in maintaining the mental health status of midlife women.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has excellent sensitivity for detection of VI. 23 Participants were tested while seated and wearing their glasses or contact lenses during the test if they normally wore visual correction. Visual acuity was measured binocularly with the instrument set to the distance vision setting.…”

Section: Vision Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal association of midlife vision impairment and depressive symptoms: the study of Women's Health Across the Nation, Michigan site

et al. 2021

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Validation of Titmus vision screener V4 for diagnosing refractory errors and colour blindness: An analogy with quotidian

Taank

Shyamsunder²,

Vichare

et al. 2022

Medical Journal Armed Forces India

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Midlife Vision Impairment and Cognitive Function in Later Life: The Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation, Michigan Cohort

Kolli

Hood

Karvonen‐Gutierrez

et al. 2021

The Journals of Gerontology: Series A

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Background In older adults, vision impairment (VI) is associated with worse cognitive function. However, the relationship between mid-life vision and future cognitive function remains unknown. Methods The Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation (SWAN), Michigan site, is a longitudinal cohort of mid-life women age 42-52 years at baseline. Presenting Titmus visual acuity (VA) in the better-seeing eye was assessed at baseline and categorized as no or mild VI (VA ≥20/60), or moderate or worse VI (VA <20/60). Cognitive function was measured 8 times over 15 years using the East Boston Memory Test immediate (EBMTi) and delayed (EBMTd) recall and the Digit Span Backwards (DSB) test. Linear mixed models with a random intercept and slope for age were constructed to detect associations between VI at baseline and future repeated measures of cognitive function, adjusting for age, race, education, financial strain, alcohol use, and tobacco use. Results 394 women age 42-52 at baseline with maximum follow-up of 20 years were included in this analysis. After covariate adjustment, moderate or worse VI was associated with lower EMBTi (β= -0.56, p=0.012), EBMTd (β= -0.60, p=0.009) and DSB (β= -0.84, p=0.04). While we detected significant associations between VI and levels of cognitive function scores, rates of cognitive decline as individuals aged did not vary by VI status. Conclusion Moderate or worse VI, assessed during mid-life, was associated with lower scores on measures of cognitive function over a 15 year period during which women transitioned from mid-life to older adulthood.

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Validity of the Titmus Vision Screener: A Comparison with the Snellen Chart

Cited by 3 publications

References 20 publications

Longitudinal association of midlife vision impairment and depressive symptoms: the study of Women's Health Across the Nation, Michigan site

Longitudinal association of midlife vision impairment and depressive symptoms: the study of Women's Health Across the Nation, Michigan site

Validation of Titmus vision screener V4 for diagnosing refractory errors and colour blindness: An analogy with quotidian

Midlife Vision Impairment and Cognitive Function in Later Life: The Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation, Michigan Cohort

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