Validity of cognitive complaints in substance-abusing patients and non-clinical controls: The Patient's Assessment of Own Functioning Inventory (PAOFI)

Richardson-Vejlgaard, Randall; Dawes, Sharron E.; Heaton, Robert K.; Bell, Morris D.

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2008.06.018

Cited by 31 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Results from studies in users of other substances who were treatment-engaged (Richardson-Vejlgaard et al, 2009; Shelton et al, 1987; Errico et al, 1990), as well as non-substance-using participants with depression (e.g., Farrin et al, 2003), are consistent with these results. For example,Errico et al (1990) study, it was found that among measures of depression, anxiety, and neuropsychological impairment (all subjective), as well as objective measures of neurocognitive functioning,.the strongest correlations were among the subjective measures, in participants with alcohol dependence.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Self-reported attention and mood symptoms in cocaine abusers: Relationship to neurocognitive performance

Benedict

Gorman

Gorp

et al. 2014

Psychiatry Research

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Objective This study examined the relationship between subjective measures of inattention/hyperactivity-impulsivity and mood and objective measures of neurocognitive function in cocaine users. Design Ninety-four active cocaine users not seeking treatment (73 male, 21 female) were administered two self-report psychiatric measures (the ADHD Rating Scale – Fourth Edition; ARS-IV), and the Beck Depression Inventory – Second Edition; BDI-II), and a battery of tests measuring attention, executive, psychomotor, visual and verbal learning, visuospatial, and language functions. Correlations between scores on the psychiatric measures (total and subscale) and the neurocognitive measures were examined. Results While scores on the BDI-II and ARS-IV were correlated with each other (p<0.01), scores on both self-report measures were largely uncorrelated with neurocognitive test scores (p>0.05). Conclusion There was a minimal relationship between psychiatric measures that incorporate subjective assessment of cognitive function, and objective neurocognitive measures in nontreatment-seeking cocaine users, consistent with previous findings in other samples of substance users. This suggests that self-report measures may have limited utility as proxies for neurocognitive performance.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Self-reported attention and mood symptoms in cocaine abusers: Relationship to neurocognitive performance

Benedict

Gorman

Gorp

et al. 2014

Psychiatry Research

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“…Following the procedure from a previously reported study (Richardson et al, 2009), baseline level of verbal memory and verbal learning impairments were determined by using the WTAR as premorbid estimate of verbal IQ. The HVLT Total T-Score and Trial 3 T-score were converted to z scores along with the WTAR.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Training and Work Therapy for the Treatment of Verbal Learning and Memory Deficits in Veterans With Alcohol Use Disorders

Bell

Vissicchio

Weinstein

2016

Journal of Dual Diagnosis

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Objective This study focused on the efficacy of cognitive training for verbal learning and memory deficits in a population of older Veterans with alcohol use disorders. Methods Veterans with alcohol use disorders, who were in outpatient treatment at VA facilities and in early phase recovery (N = 31), were randomized to receive a 3-month trial of daily cognitive training plus work therapy (n = 15) or work therapy alone (n = 16), along with treatment as usual. Participants completed assessments at baseline and at 3- and 6-month follow-ups; the Hopkins Verbal Learning Task (HVLT) was the primary outcome measure. Results Participants were primarily male (97%), in their mid-50’s (M = 55.16, SD = 5.16), and had been sober for 1.64 (SD = 2.81) months. Study retention was excellent (91% at 3-month follow-up) and adherence to treatment in both conditions was very good. On average, participants in the cognitive training condition had more than 41 hours of cognitive training, and both conditions had more than 230 hours of productive activity. HVLT results at 3-month follow-up revealed significant condition effects favoring cognitive training for verbal learning (HVLT Trial-3 T-score, p < .005; Cohen’s d = 1.3) and verbal memory (HVLT Total T-score, p < .01, Cohen’s d = 1.1). Condition effects were sustained at 6-month follow-up. At Baseline, 55.9% of participants showed a significant deficit in verbal memory and 58.8% showed a deficit in verbal learning compared with a premorbid estimate of Verbal IQ. At 3-month follow-up there was a significant reduction in the number of participants in the cognitive training condition with clinically significant verbal memory deficits (p < .01, NNT= 3.0) compared with the work therapy alone condition, and a trend toward significance for verbal learning deficits, which was not sustained at 6-month follow-up. Conclusions This NIDA-funded pilot study demonstrates that cognitive training within the context of another activating intervention (work therapy) may have efficacy in remediating verbal learning and memory deficits in patients with alcohol use disorder. Findings indicate a large effect for cognitive training in this pilot study, which suggests that further research is warranted. This study is is registered on Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 01410110).

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“…The total score ranges from 33 to 198, with 33 indicating the highest degree of perceived impairment and 198 indicating no perceived impairment. The PAOF is a valid and reliable instrument for self-reported cognitive impairment, and has been used in various clinical populations [19–23]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors contributing to impaired self-awareness of cognitive functioning in an HIV positive and at-risk population

Juengst

Skidmore

Pramuka

et al. 2011

Disability and Rehabilitation

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Purpose To examine the association between self-awareness of cognitive impairment and age, selected mood disorders, and type and severity of cognitive impairment in a sample of individuals with HIV/AIDS and at risk for HIV. Method 75 subjects, 52 HIV+ and 23 at risk for HIV completed a psychosocial interview, the Patient’s Assessment of Own Functioning (PAOF) questionnaire, and a battery of neuropsychological tests. Based upon the differences between their clinical impairment and self-reported impairment, subjects were classified as being “Underestimators”, “Good Awareness”, or “Impaired Awareness” with regard to self-awareness. Results Those with more severe cognitive impairment were less aware than those with normal or borderline cognitive impairment. A one-way ANOVA suggested that the Impaired Awareness group differed significantly from the Underestimators on the Rey Figure Immediate and Delayed Recall tasks, and from both the Underestimators and Good Awarenesss groups on the Digit Symbol Substitution Task. There were significant differences among all awareness groups on the test of Simple Reaction Time. Furthermore there is some suggestion that age may contribute to impaired self-awareness. The role of HIV in self-awareness remains unclear, as both, individuals with HIV and at risk, demonstrated impaired self-awareness. Conclusions Overall, impaired awareness was associated with poorer test performance, suggesting a relationship between awareness and sustained complex attention and visual spatial processing. This research has implications for understanding factors contributing to poor awareness among individuals with cognitive impairment.

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Validity of cognitive complaints in substance-abusing patients and non-clinical controls: The Patient's Assessment of Own Functioning Inventory (PAOFI)

Cited by 31 publications

References 24 publications

Self-reported attention and mood symptoms in cocaine abusers: Relationship to neurocognitive performance

Self-reported attention and mood symptoms in cocaine abusers: Relationship to neurocognitive performance

Cognitive Training and Work Therapy for the Treatment of Verbal Learning and Memory Deficits in Veterans With Alcohol Use Disorders

Factors contributing to impaired self-awareness of cognitive functioning in an HIV positive and at-risk population

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