Validity of Activity Trackers in Estimating Energy Expenditure During High-Intensity Functional Training

Morris, Cody E.; Wessel, Paige; Tinius, Rachel A.; Schafer, Mark A.; Maples, Jill M.

doi:10.1080/02701367.2019.1603989

Cited by 23 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…A total of 36 studies (312 comparisons) examined wearable device energy expenditure measurements compared with reference standard criterion measures, including direct calorimetry [ 86 , 104 ] and indirect calorimetry [ 20 , 21 , 29 - 31 , 38 , 39 , 41 - 43 , 53 , 55 , 63 , 66 , 73 , 85 , 87 , 93 , 95 , 97 , 103 , 105 , 116 , 117 , 129 , 130 , 142 , 143 , 146 , 148 , 159 , 165 , 166 , 177 ], in controlled settings. Of these, 35 studies recruited healthy adults (mean age 27.2 years, SD 7.1 years), and one study recruited adults living with cardiovascular disease (mean age 64.2 years, SD 2.3 years).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability and Validity of Commercially Available Wearable Devices for Measuring Steps, Energy Expenditure, and Heart Rate: Systematic Review

Fuller

Colwell

Low

et al. 2020

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth

373

278

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Background Consumer-wearable activity trackers are small electronic devices that record fitness and health-related measures. Objective The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the validity and reliability of commercial wearables in measuring step count, heart rate, and energy expenditure. Methods We identified devices to be included in the review. Database searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, and SPORTDiscus, and only articles published in the English language up to May 2019 were considered. Studies were excluded if they did not identify the device used and if they did not examine the validity or reliability of the device. Studies involving the general population and all special populations were included. We operationalized validity as criterion validity (as compared with other measures) and construct validity (degree to which the device is measuring what it claims). Reliability measures focused on intradevice and interdevice reliability. Results We included 158 publications examining nine different commercial wearable device brands. Fitbit was by far the most studied brand. In laboratory-based settings, Fitbit, Apple Watch, and Samsung appeared to measure steps accurately. Heart rate measurement was more variable, with Apple Watch and Garmin being the most accurate and Fitbit tending toward underestimation. For energy expenditure, no brand was accurate. We also examined validity between devices within a specific brand. Conclusions Commercial wearable devices are accurate for measuring steps and heart rate in laboratory-based settings, but this varies by the manufacturer and device type. Devices are constantly being upgraded and redesigned to new models, suggesting the need for more current reviews and research.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability and Validity of Commercially Available Wearable Devices for Measuring Steps, Energy Expenditure, and Heart Rate: Systematic Review

Fuller

Colwell

Low

et al. 2020

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth

373

278

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The first is that, while the E + group partially replaced daily moderate- to vigorous-intensity spontaneous physical activities with live online workouts, being more functional for health, due to their characteristics (i.e., proper total and continuous duration, proper modulation of both intensity and recovery, and proper activity selection), the E − group did not and tried to maintain its daily routines. The second hypothesis is that the activity tracker simply underestimated some of the physical exercises that were performed on the spot, recognizing it as light-intensity physical activity or sedentary time [ 37 ]. Indeed, when we focused the attention on the analysis of the trend of time spent on light- to vigorous-intensity physical activities and on that of light-intensity physical activities, we observed the presence of a multiplicative effect, with the E + group showing a better trend.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Activity Tracker-Based Counselling and Live-Web Exercise on Breast Cancer Survivors during Italy COVID-19 Lockdown

Blasio

Morano

Lancia

et al. 2021

JFMK

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Background: To prevent and fight the increase of daily sedentary time and to promote and stimulate the positive effects of physical activity and exercise on health, both traditional interventions and new strategies are important for breast cancer survivors (BCS). The research goal was to compare the effects of weekly personal feedback, based on objectively measured physical activity, on the trends of both daily sedentary time and on the physical activity of BCS (E− group) with those of an intervention also including online supervised physical exercise sessions (E+ group), during the Italy COVID-19 lockdown. Methods: The Italian COVID-19 emergency allowed the possibility to also observe the effects of social and personal limitations. A total of 51 BCS were studied over an 18-week period and had an objective registration of day-to-day sedentary time, physical activity, and sleep. Both subsamples received weekly or fortnight personal feedback. Data were analysed considering four key periods, according to the COVID-19 emergency steps. Results: Statistical analysis showed an additive effect for sedentary time and a multiplicative effect both for light-to vigorous and light-intensity physical activities. The E− group had a high overall sedentary time and a different trend of light-to vigorous and light-intensity physical activities, with a reduction from the 1st to the 2nd periods (national and personal restrictions), showing a significant rise just at the end of the national restrictions. Conclusions: The use of an activity tracker and its accompanying app, with the reception of weekly tailored advice and supervised online physical exercise sessions, can elicit proper physical activity recomposition in BCS in the COVID-19 era.

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“…In that initial approach [1], as well as some of the following studies [2][3][4], equivalence was supported with the use of 90% confidence interval (CI), obtained from a mixed ANOVA. I believe that was a more robust approach, taking into consideration the misuse of p-values in order to support statistical hypotheses [5].…”

Section: Rationalementioning

confidence: 98%

“…They stated that 'in traditional hypothesis testing, the focus is on testing for a significant difference', however by 'using an equivalence test, it is possible to determine whether a method is significantly equivalent to another method' [1, p. 1843]. Since then, a number of studies have used this method in order to evaluate the agreement between methods in sport science [2][3][4].…”

Section: Rationalementioning

confidence: 99%

An Opinion Regarding Equivalence Testing for Evaluating Measurement Agreement

Adamakis

2019

JSRR

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The novel statistical approach 'equivalence testing' has been proposed in order to statistically examine agreement between different physical activity measures. By using this method, researchers argued that it is possible to determine whether a method is significantly equivalent to another method. Recently, equivalence testing was supported with the use of 90% confidence interval, obtained from a mixed ANOVA, which I believe is a more robust approach. This paper further discusses the use of this method in comparison to a more well-established statistical analysis (i.e. mixed design ANOVA), as well as various limitations and arbitrary assumptions in order to perform this analysis. The paper concludes with some remarks and considerations for future use in similar approaches.

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Validity of Activity Trackers in Estimating Energy Expenditure During High-Intensity Functional Training

Cited by 23 publications

References 24 publications

Reliability and Validity of Commercially Available Wearable Devices for Measuring Steps, Energy Expenditure, and Heart Rate: Systematic Review

Reliability and Validity of Commercially Available Wearable Devices for Measuring Steps, Energy Expenditure, and Heart Rate: Systematic Review

Effects of Activity Tracker-Based Counselling and Live-Web Exercise on Breast Cancer Survivors during Italy COVID-19 Lockdown

An Opinion Regarding Equivalence Testing for Evaluating Measurement Agreement

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