Validity and reliability related to the Persian version of the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire

Abstract

Considering insomnia as a common health issue, it is essential to access valid assessment tools for sleep evaluations and research in all societies. For this purpose, we aimed to evaluate the crosscultural validation and psychometric properties of the Persian version related to the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire "CSHQ" in Iranian children. This study was conducted on 300 parents of primary school children aged 7-12 years in Kashan city. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Construct validity was evaluated by factor analysis. The Spearman correlation coefficient was also applied to examine the convergence and divergence validity. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.80 for the entire questionnaire. There was a positive correlation between the results from CSHQ and Bear's. The range of convergence validity was 0.4 to 0.86. The range of divergence validity was 0.006 to 0.66. Factor analysis showed that eight factors had the special value (with eigenvalue >1), which means that the 33 questions are summarized in eight dimensions. Our findings imply good reliability and validity of the CSHQ in the Iranian society.

EXPRESSION OF CONCERN: The effects of melatonin administration on disease severity and sleep quality in children with atopic dermatitis: A randomized, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled trial

“…22 Sleep quality was evaluated using the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ). 23 The CHSQ consists of 33 questions as follows: resistance at bedtime (goes to bed at same time; falls asleep in own bed; falls asleep in other's bed; needs parent in the room to sleep; struggles at bedtime; afraid of sleeping alone-it is scored in the range of 6-18 points); sleep delay (1-3 points); sleep duration (sleeps shortly; sleeps the right time; sleeps same amount each day-3-9 points); sleep anxiety (needs parent in the room to sleep; afraid of sleeping in the dark; afraid of sleeping alone; trouble sleeping away-2-6 points); night awakening (moves to other bed in the night; wakes up once during the night; wakes up more than once-3-9 points); parasomnias (wets the bed at night; talks during sleep; restless and moves a lot; sleepwalks; grinds teeth during sleep;…”

“…wakes up screaming, sweating; alarmed by nightmare-7-20 points); sleep-disordered breathing (snores loudly; apnea; snores and gaps-3-9 points); and daytime sleepiness (wakes up by himself; wakes up in negative mood; others wake child up; hard time getting out of the bed; takes long time to be alert; seems tired; watching TV; riding in car-8-22 points). 23 The sleep-onset latency and total sleep time were subjective answers, which were answered by both children and their parents.…”

Pediatric Sleep Tools: An Updated Literature Review

“…, CCTQ(19), CSHQ(29,33,34,(40)(41)(42)(43), CSM(45), CSRQ (46), DBAS (49), ISI (56, 57), MEQ (62), OSA-18 (74-79), OSD-6 (81), PDSS (85-87), PosaST (96), PSQ (105-107, 110, 111, 113), PSQI (115), SDSC (120-122), SHI (126), and SSR…”

Prevalence of sleep problems and its relation to sleeping habits in toddlers

“…The validity and reliability of this tool have been demonstrated in other studies [25]. Falahzadeh and colleagues also confirmed the internal consistency and reliability of the questionnaire items by using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and test-test coefficient, respectively [26].…”