Validity and Reliability of the 30-s Continuous Jump for Anaerobic Power and Capacity Assessment in Combat Sport

Abstract

Cycling test such Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT) is used to measure anaerobic power (AP), but not anaerobic capacity (AC, i.e., the metabolic energy demand). However, in sports that do not involve cycling movements (Karate), the continuous jump for 30 s (vertical jumps for 30 s) has been extensively used to measure anaerobic performance in all young athletes. Limited information’s are available concerning its validity and reliability especially in children. As such, the current study aimed to test validity and reliability of a continuous jumps test (the CJ30s), using WAnT as a reference. Thirteen female Karate kids (age: 11.07 ± 1.32 years; mass: 41.76 ± 15.32 kg; height: 152 ± 11.52 cm; training experience: 4.38 ± 2.14 years) were tested on three separate sessions. The first and second sessions were used to assess the reliability using Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) of CJ30s, whereas on the third session WAnT was administered. Following CJ30s and WAnT, we assessed AP (1/CJ30s, as jump height [JH], fatigue index [FI], and blood lactate [BL]; 2/WAnT, as mechanical power [P], FI, and BL) and AC as the excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC). Large/highly significant correlations were found between CJ30s and WAnT EPOCs (r = 0.730, P = 0.003), and BLs (r = 0.713, P = 0.009). Moderate/significant correlations were found between CJ30s and WAnT FIs (r = 0.640, P = 0.014), CJ30s first four jumps mean JH and WAnT peak P (r = 0.572, P = 0.032), and CJ30s mean JH and WAnT mean P (r = 0.589, P = 0.021). CJ30s showed excellent and moderate reliability (ICC) for AP (maximal JH 0.884, mean JH 0.742, FI 0.657, BL 0.653) and AC (EPOC 0.788), respectively. Correlations observed especially in terms of AC between CJ30s and WAnT provide evidence that former may adequately assess anaerobic performance for the young combat athlete. CJ30 is a reliable test and allow an easy assessment of AP and AC in karate children.

A Review of Countermovement and Squat Jump Testing Methods in the Context of Public Health Examination in Adolescence: Reliability and Feasibility of Current Testing Procedures

“…We also recommend maintaining this position for at least 2 s before the descending phase. The CMJ push-off phase should be characterized by a downward movement until the knee angle reaches 90° and this should be visually inspected by the examiner and where possible, the use of accelerometer that emits audio feedback when the angle is reached (Cular et al, 2018). Instructions for the toe-off phase should explicitly state that it has to be performed with a maximal effort.…”

Validity and Reliability of a New Specific Parkour Test: Physiological and Performance Responses

“…For squat-jump (SJ), experimenters asked participants to initiate from an upright standing position and to keep their hands on their hips (Laffaye et al, 2016). Experimenters also instructed participants to keep their knees flexed in a position assigned (∼90°) for a 3-s count (Čular et al, 2018b). Subsequently experimenters asked participants to jump as high as possible provided they did not make any countermovement (Padulo et al, 2013).…”

Core Stability and Symmetry of Youth Female Volleyball Players: A Pilot Study on Anthropometric and Physiological Correlates

“…Participants were informed that WAnT was an all-out test not allowing the adoption of a pacing strategy, and were encouraged continuously during the test to exert maximal effort. In addition, a continuous 30 s jumping Bosco test was performed, where the participants were instructed to jump continuously throughout this period aiming to achieve maximal jump height in each jump, minimal time spent at the ground between consecutive jumps and maintaining their hands on the hips [20]. The mean power (Ppeak, W kg −1 ) was the outcome measure of the Bosco test.…”

“…In exercise testing, the Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT) has been considered as a "golden" standard of anaerobic power and capacity despite its specific mode of exercise (cycling) [19]. A continuous 30 s Bosco jumping test has been developed as more sport-specific than WAnT to monitor performance, especially in sports involving many jumps [20,21]. Therefore, information on the relationship of core stability and symmetry with WAnT and Bosco test would provide insight into the metabolic demands of exercise testing of the former variables.…”