Validity and Reliability of the Portuguese Version of the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry - REALD-29 PT

Abstract

Background Health literacy is a main factor in health for its improvement, allowing the individuals to have a greater capacity to engage and participate in collective health promotion actions. The assessment of functional health literacy to determine the ability that each individual has to understand basic health information is essential. The aim of the present study was to translate and perform the cross-cultural adaptation of the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry (REALD-30) to Portuguese language and test the reliability and validity of this version. Methods The REALD-30 in the Portuguese language (REALD-29 PT) was applied to a group of individuals that participate in the program Atividade Senior, developed by the municipality of Viseu, Portugal. The final sample was composed by 206 participants that accepted responding to the questionnaire and to the REALD-30 Portuguese version (REALD-29 PT). Translation and cultural adaptation of the questionnaire and the statistical validation was accomplished in order to complete the process and obtain the REALD-29 PT. Results The REALD-29 PT presented good internal reliability. Cronbach’s alpha ranged from 0.89 to 0.90 when words were deleted individually. The analysis of test-retest reliability revealed excellent reproducibility. We can verify that the REALD-30 scale for assessment of oral health literacy among older adults presents an acceptable internal consistency, with a global Cronbach´s alpha of 0.894. Conclusions The REALD-29 PT scale can be applied to assess oral health literacy among older Portuguese adults, presenting an acceptable internal consistency and is validated to assess oral health literacy and is crucial in epidemiological studies.