Validity and reliability of the Katz-15 scale to measure unfavorable health outcomes in community-dwelling older people

Laan, Wijnand; Zuithoff, Nicolaas P.A.; Drubbel, Irene; Bleijenberg, Nienke; Numans, Mattijs E.; Wit, Niek J. de; Schuurmans, Marieke J.

doi:10.1007/s12603-014-0479-3

Cited by 27 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…Eligible patients were invited by their GP. The primary outcome was daily functioning (ADL/IADL) measured with the Katz-15 index questionnaire (Laan et al, 2014). Secondary outcomes were quality of life, healthcare consumption, and cost-effectiveness, collected using questionnaires and EMR records.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment Fidelity of an Evidence-Based Nurse-Led Intervention in a Proactive Primary Care Program for Older People

Bleijenberg

Dam

Drubbel

et al. 2016

Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing

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Background: In a large randomized trial, Utrecht PROactive Frailty Intervention Trial (U-PROFIT), we evaluated the effectiveness of an integrated program on the preservation of daily functioning in older people in primary care that consisted of a frailty identification tool and a multicomponent nurse-led care program. Examination of treatment fidelity is critical to successful translation of evidence-based interventions into practice.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment Fidelity of an Evidence-Based Nurse-Led Intervention in a Proactive Primary Care Program for Older People

Bleijenberg

Dam

Drubbel

et al. 2016

Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing

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“…The primary outcome was daily functioning as assessed according to the modified Katz-15 index of activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) (range 0-15); higher scores indicate greater ADL and IADL dependence. 28,29 The Katz-6 index 30 was included in the original protocol, but it has a considerable floor effect at low disability levels, so it was replaced with the Katz-15. For reasons of transparency, results of both outcomes are provided.…”

Section: Primary Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of a Proactive Primary Care Program on Preserving Daily Functioning of Older People: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial

Bleijenberg

Drubbel

Schuurmans

et al. 2016

J American Geriatrics Society

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OBJECTIVES:To determine the effectiveness of a proactive primary care program on the daily functioning of older people in primary care. DESIGN: Single-blind, three-arm, cluster-randomized controlled trial with 1-year follow-up. SETTING: Primary care setting, 39 general practices in the Netherlands. PARTICIPANTS: Community-dwelling people aged 60 and older (N = 3,092). INTERVENTIONS: A frailty screening intervention using routine electronic medical record data to identify older people at risk of adverse events followed by usual care from a general practitioner; after the screening intervention, a nurse-led care program consisting of a comprehensive geriatric assessment, evidence-based care planning, care coordination, and follow-up; usual care. MEASUREMENTS: Primary outcome was daily functioning measured using the Katz-15 (6 activities of daily living (ADLs), 8 instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), one mobility item (range 0-15)); higher scores indicate greater dependence. Secondary outcomes included quality of life, primary care consultations, hospital admissions, emergency department visits, nursing home admissions, and mortality. RESULTS: The participants in both intervention arms had less decline in daily functioning than those in the usual care arm at 12 months (mean Katz-15 score: screening arm, 1.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.77-1.97; screening and nurse-led care arm, 1.88, 95% CI = 1.80-1.96; control group, 2.03, 95% CI = 1.92-2.13; P = .03). No differences in quality of life were observed. CONCLUSION: Participants in both intervention groups had less decline than those in the control group at 1-year follow-up. Despite the statistically significant effect, the clinical relevance is uncertain at this point because of the small differences. Greater customizing of the intervention combined with prolonged follow-up may lead to morerobust results. J Am Geriatr Soc 64:1779-1788, 2016.Key words: primary care; daily functioning; randomized controlled trial; older people; nurse-led care program P roviding optimal care for the increasing number of older people with complex care needs is a major challenge in primary care. 1,2 The average primary care consultation rate for Dutch citizens increases from 4.3 to 6.2 per year between the ages of 60 and 75 to 10 or more per year after the age of 75. 3 The current approach in primary care is reactive and fragmented and does not meet the needs of older people as they experience a lack of overview and coordination when multiple care providers are involved. 4 These deficits result in unnecessary losses of daily functioning, suboptimal quality of life, and high healthcare expenditures. 5 A transition toward more-proactive primary care that focuses on maintaining independence and prevention of functional decline in older adults has been proposed, 6 but the critical components of a more-proactive primary care system remain unknown.The literature regarding the prevention of functional decline in older adults suggests a stepwise identification of people who are a...

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“…The degree of disability was determined with the Katz-15, a measure of independence in activities of daily living, such as bathing, dressing and toileting (Katz, Ford, Moskowitz, Ackson, & Jaffe, 1963;Laan et al, 2014). A higher sum score indicates more disability in performing daily activities.…”

Section: Data Collection and Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formal and informal care for community‐dwelling frail elderly people over time: A comparison of integrated and usual care in the Netherlands

Janse

Huijsman

Looman

et al. 2017

Health Soc Care Community

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While integration has become a central tenet of community‐based care for frail elderly people, little is known about its impact on formal and informal care and their dynamics over time. The aim of this study was therefore to examine how an integrated care intervention for community‐dwelling frail elderly people affects the amount and type of formal and informal care over 12 months as compared to usual care. A quasi‐experimental design with a control group was used. Data regarding formal and informal care were collected from frail elderly patients (n = 207) and informal caregivers (n = 74) with pre/post‐questionnaires. Within‐ and between‐group comparisons and multiple linear regression analyses were performed. The results showed marginal changes over time in the amount of formal and informal care in both integrated care and usual care. However, different associations between changes in formal and informal care were found in integrated and usual care. Most notably, informal caregivers provided more instrumental assistance over time if formal caregivers provided less personal care (and vice versa) in integrated care but not in usual care. These results suggest that integrated care does not necessarily change the contribution of formal or informal care, but changes the interaction between formal (personal care) and informal (instrumental) activities. Implications and recommendations for research and practice are discussed. Trial registration: Current Controlled Trials ISRNT05748494.

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Validity and reliability of the Katz-15 scale to measure unfavorable health outcomes in community-dwelling older people

Abstract: The results of our study indicate that the Katz-15 scale is able to reliably and validly predict future unfavorable health outcomes. This makes the scale a valuable measure in determining both basic and instrumental activities of daily living.

Cited by 27 publications

References 15 publications

Treatment Fidelity of an Evidence-Based Nurse-Led Intervention in a Proactive Primary Care Program for Older People

Treatment Fidelity of an Evidence-Based Nurse-Led Intervention in a Proactive Primary Care Program for Older People

Effectiveness of a Proactive Primary Care Program on Preserving Daily Functioning of Older People: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial

Formal and informal care for community‐dwelling frail elderly people over time: A comparison of integrated and usual care in the Netherlands

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