Validity and reliability of the PDCB: a tool for the assessment of caregiver burden in Parkinson's disease

BackgroundCaregiving burden and depression in family caregivers have been investigated, but little is known about how they affect paid caregivers. The aim of this study was to investigate caregiving burden and depression in paid caregivers of hospitalized patients.MethodsA cross-sectional survey study was conducted in a tertiary referral hospital (Chengdu, China) that enrolled 108 paid caregivers who worked in the inpatient department. The Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale were incorporated into a self-developed questionnaire to gather demographic information on the following four aspects: general, work, income, and family.ResultsThe mean total CBI score was 29.7 ± 12.5. The time-dependence burden had the highest score of 15.3 ± 4.0, which was followed by the physical burden score of 6.5 ± 4.6, developmental burden score of 3.7 ± 4.0, social burden score of 3.2 ± 4.0, and emotional burden score of 2.4 ± 3.1. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that a higher CBI was associated with a longer time as a paid caregiver [β=7.041, 95% Confidence Interval (CI):1.935 to 12.974, p = 0.009], lower income satisfaction (β= − 6.573, 95% CI: -11.248 to −3.020, p = 0.001), and higher frequency of meeting with their relatives (β=7.125, 95% CI: 2.019 to 12.456, p = 0.006). The mean CES-D score was 11.9 ± 8.7, and significant depression was found in 28 (25.9%) paid caregivers according to the CES-D score ≥ 16 cut-off. There was a moderate positive correlation between the CBI and CES-D scores (Pearson’s r = 0.452, p < 0.001).ConclusionsA high caregiving burden was commonly observed in paid caregivers of hospitalized patients in China, as was a high prevalence of depression symptoms. Several associated factors were identified that could be areas for future interventions.

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“…Compared with family caregivers, paid caregivers showed a similar [23, 24] or higher [25, 26] CBI score.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caregiving burden and depression in paid caregivers of hospitalized patients: a pilot study in China

Liang

Wang

et al. 2017

BMC Public Health

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“…Caregivers were asked to complete a newly developed German version of the Parkinson's disease caregiver burden questionnaire (PDCB). The original items published by Zhong et al (2013) were translated into German and back-translated to English by two independent professional translators. Comparisons between all the original, translated and back-translated items by the translators and two of the authors (MK & FW) did not reveal any meaningful differences.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validating the Parkinson’s disease caregiver burden questionnaire (PDCB) in German caregivers of advanced Parkinson’s disease patients

Klietz

Rippena

Lange

et al. 2019

Int. Psychogeriatr.

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Background:Advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD) may place a high burden on patients and their caregivers. Understanding the determinants of caregiver burden is of critical importance. This understanding requires the availability of adequate assessment tools. Recently, the Parkinson’s disease caregiver burden questionnaire (PDCB) has been developed as a PD-specific measure of caregiver burden. However, the PDCB has only been evaluated in a sample of Australian caregivers of patients at a less advanced stage of the disease.Objective:We tested whether a German translation of the PDCB qualifies as an adequate measure of caregiver burden in a German sample of caregivers of advanced patients with PD.Methods:We collected PDCB data from 65 caregivers of advanced patients with PD. Reliability of the scale was assessed and compared against the original version. To validate the German version of the PDCB, we examined the correlations with the caregiver burden inventory (CBI), the short form 36 health survey (SF-36), the Parkinson’s disease quality of life questionnaire 39 (PDQ-39), disease duration, and the amount of caregiving time.Results:The total PDCB score proved to be reliable and to be significantly related to CBI and SF-36 scores. PDCB scores also increased with increasing amounts of caregiving time.Conclusions:The German version of the PDCB appears to be an adequate measure of caregiver burden in caregivers of advanced PD patients.

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“…Caregivers were asked to complete a recently developed and validated German version of the Parkinson's disease caregiver burden questionnaire (PDCB) [12,20]. In brief, the PDCB includes 20 items on a five-point Likert scale (0 to 4).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, points from the first part and 20% of the global burden of part two were summed up for the total caregiver burden. A maximal score of 100 can be reached as total score, indicating the highest burden [20]. In the English version of the PDCB, Cronbach's alpha was 0.856 and the PDCB correlated significantly with the CBI as a general caregiver burden questionnaire [20].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mindfulness and Psychological Flexibility are Inversely Associated with Caregiver Burden in Parkinson’s Disease

et al. 2020

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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative movement disorder with progressive impairments in activities of daily living. With disease progression, people with PD (PwP) need more help and care from their spouses or professional caregivers. Identifying factors that help caregivers to cope with their burden is needed to frame future interventions for PwP caregivers. Mindfulness and psychological flexibility might be factors contributing to resilience against the burden of giving care. In this cross-sectional questionnaire-based study, 118 PwP and their respective primary caregivers were included. Caregivers reported moderate burden and only mild depressive symptoms. Mindfulness measured by the Mindfulness Attention and Awareness scale (p 0.003) and psychological flexibility measured by Acceptance and Actions Questionnaire II (p 0.001) correlated negatively with caregiver burden. Data from this study indicate mindfulness and psychological flexibility are factors contributing to resilience against caregiver burden. Future interventions to reduce burden in PwP caregivers might be improved by the inclusion of mindfulness training programs.

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Validity and reliability of the PDCB: a tool for the assessment of caregiver burden in Parkinson's disease

Cited by 29 publications

References 16 publications

Caregiving burden and depression in paid caregivers of hospitalized patients: a pilot study in China

Caregiving burden and depression in paid caregivers of hospitalized patients: a pilot study in China

Validating the Parkinson’s disease caregiver burden questionnaire (PDCB) in German caregivers of advanced Parkinson’s disease patients

Mindfulness and Psychological Flexibility are Inversely Associated with Caregiver Burden in Parkinson’s Disease

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