Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Multidimensional Dyspnea Profile in outpatients with respiratory disease

Abstract

Background/aim: Dyspnea is the subjective feeling of breathing discomfort and a significant problem for patients with heart and respiratory disease and also an important determinant of exercise tolerance, quality of life, and mortality in various diseases. Most of the scales are not enough to investigate the multidimensional effects of dyspnea; therefore, the Multidimensional Dyspnea Profile (MDP) was developed and validated into many languages. This study was aimed to translate and culturally adapt the MDP into Turkish and investigate the psychometric properties of this adapted version in outpatients with respiratory disease. Materials and methods: The MDP was translated and culturally adapted into Turkish following published guidelines. A total of 170 outpatients with respiratory disease were included to assess psychometric properties. Factorial structure was investigated using a principal component analysis. Two situations were used in this study evaluating dyspnea in activity-related and resting conditions. We formulated 17 hypotheses for each MDP domain (in total 68) to assess the construct validity and the correlations were investigated between the MDP and measures of body mass index, pulmonary function test, other dyspnea assessments, anxiety, depression, and health-related quality of life. To investigate the test-retest reliability, the MDP was administered again after one hour and one week. Results: Internal consistency of the MDP was excellent (Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranged from 0.89 to 0.93). The exploratory factor analysis revealed two components explaining 70 and 76% of variance. Overall, 64 of the 68 predetermined hypotheses (94%) were confirmed to test construct validity. The MDP showed excellent test-retest reliability for a one-hour period (intraclass correlation coefficient values ranged from 0.98 to 0.99). However, the test-retest reliability decreased moderate-to-high after a one-week period (0.53 to 0.80). Conclusion: The MDP was successfully translated and culturally adapted into Turkish and this version showed good psychometric properties including the factorial structure, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and construct validity to assess multidimensional aspects of dyspnea.

Dyspnoea-12 and Multidimensional Dyspnea Profile: Systematic Review of Use and Properties

“…Factor structure and internal consistency Psychometric aspects were available with 27 datasets (D-12 n=17 or MDP n=10), including the original development studies [4,77] and language translations (D-12 n= 8, MDP n= 3) (Supplemental materials Table S4). The two-factor structure was confirmed by five independent studies for the D-12 [7,20,33,43,44] and six independent studies for the MDP [7,57,61,69,86,87]. [Figure 1]…”

“…Studies were conducted across 18 different countries, with the most frequent being the United Kingdom, United States of America and France. Language translations with psychometric assessments were reported for the D-12 in eight studies (Korean [45], French [24], Brazilian Portuguese [25], Spanish [26], Arabic [38,39], Italian [27], Swedish [20]) and for the MDP in three studies (Brazilian Portuguese [56], Swedish [57], Turkish [86]). The D-12 was more commonly used in observational/descriptive approaches (24 datasets, 73%), whereas the MDP was more frequently used to assess intervention effects ( 18datasets, 49%).…”

“…Reviews exploring descriptors of breathlessness (sensory qualities and emotions) highlight a range of issues (grammatical, cultural and semantic) for direct language translations of breathlessness descriptors [101]. Within our review, there were a greater number of translation studies published in peer reviewed journals for the D-12 (n=8 [20,[24][25][26][27]38,39,45]) compared to the MDP (n=3, [56,57,86]), where translations are undertaken by the MAPI Research Trust (https://eprovide.mapitrust.org). A search in February 2021 found 14 translations available for the MDP, of which, 10…”