Validity and reliability of the Caregiver Reaction Assessment scale among primary informal caregivers for older persons in Singapore

Malhotra, Rahul; Chan, Angelique; Malhotra, Chetna; Østbye, Truls

doi:10.1080/13607863.2012.702728

Cited by 50 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Studies about the validity and/or reliability of the CRA in other countries show inconsistencies with regard to relevance of items and psychometrics (Malhotra et al . ). Moderate to adequate levels of internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha's varying between 0·62–0·83) have been reported for the CRA subscales (Nijboer et al .…”

Section: The Studymentioning

confidence: 97%

Changes in caregiver burden and health‐related quality of life of informal caregivers of older people with Dementia: evidence from the European RightTimePlaceCare prospective cohort study

Bleijlevens

Stolt

Stephan

et al. 2014

Journal of Advanced Nursing

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Section: The Studymentioning

confidence: 97%

Changes in caregiver burden and health‐related quality of life of informal caregivers of older people with Dementia: evidence from the European RightTimePlaceCare prospective cohort study

Bleijlevens

Stolt

Stephan

et al. 2014

Journal of Advanced Nursing

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“…Caregiver reaction will be rated with the caregiver reaction scale (CRS) [38–40]. This measurement contains 24 items reflecting caregiver self-esteem (7 items, range: 7 to 35), a lack of family support (5 items, range: 5 to 25), the impact of finances (3 items, range: 3 to 15), the impact of the daily schedule (5 items, range 5 to 25), and the impact on health (4 items, range: 4 to 20).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility and effectiveness of a telephone-based social support intervention for informal caregivers of people with dementia: Study protocol of the TALKING TIME project

Berwig

Dichter

Albers

et al. 2017

BMC Health Serv Res

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BackgroundCaring for people with dementia at home requires a significant amount of time, organization, and commitment. Therefore, informal caregivers, mainly relatives, of people with dementia often feel a high burden. Although on-site support groups are known to have positive effects on the subjective well-being (SWB) and perceived social support of informal caregivers, there are cases in which relatives have either no time or no opportunity to leave the person alone or in which there are no support groups nearby. The TALKING TIME project aims to close this supply gap by providing structured telephone-based support groups in Germany for the first time. International studies have shown benefits for informal caregivers.MethodsThe TALKING TIME study is a randomized controlled trial. The effects of the 3-month TALKING TIME intervention will be compared with those of a control group without intervention at two time points (baseline = T0, after 3 months = T1). The control group will receive the TALKING TIME intervention after T1. With a planned sample size of 88 participants, the study is powered to detect an estimated effect size of 0.70 for psychological quality of life, considering an α of 0.05 (two-sided), a power of 80%. Caregivers are informal caregivers who are eligible if they are 18 years of age or older and have cared for a person with diagnosed dementia for at least four hours, four days per week, in the past six months. The exclusion criteria are psychiatric disorders of the informal caregiver. The primary outcome is the mental component summary of the SF-12 rated by informal caregivers. The secondary outcomes for informal caregivers are the physical component summary of the SF-12, the Perceived Social Support Caregiver Scale (SSCS) score, and the Caregiver Reaction Scale (CRS) score. The secondary outcome for care recipients is the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI-Q). For the process evaluation, different quantitative and qualitative data sources will be collected to address reach, fidelity, dosage and context.DiscussionThe results will provide further information on the effectiveness and optimization of telephone-based support groups for informal caregivers of people with dementia, which can help guide the further development of effective telephone-based social support group interventions.Trial registrationClinical Trials: NCT02806583, June 9, 2016

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“…All respondents were interviewed face-to-face, at home, with informed consent. Further details on the design of the SSIC can be found elsewhere (Malhotra, Chan, Malhotra, & Østbye, 2012). A total of 662 (55.6%) family caregivers who reported working full/part time formed the analytical sample.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expressive social support buffers the impact of care-related work interruptions on caregivers’ depressive symptoms

Ang

Malhotra

2017

Aging & Mental Health

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Objective: To assess if expressive and instrumental social support from family and friends moderate the association of care-related work interruptions (e.g., leaving work for the older adult’s doctor appointment) with depressive symptoms among working family caregivers of older adults. Method: Data were from the Singapore Survey on Informal Caregiving (SSIC). A subsample of 662 dyads, each comprising an older care-recipient (home-dwelling Singaporean aged 75 and older receiving human assistance for at least one activity of daily living (ADL)) and his/her working family caregiver, was analysed. Caregiver depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. Care-related work interruptions were scaled through the Mokken scaling procedure. Expressive social support was assessed using a scale by Pearlin and colleagues. Instrumental social support was based on the hours of ADL help provided to the care recipient by any family member or friend, on behalf of the primary caregiver. A linear regression model, with interaction terms, assessed expressive and instrumental social support as moderators of the association of care-related work interruptions with caregiver depressive symptoms. Results: More care-related work interruptions were associated with more caregiver depressive symptoms. And, this association was moderated by expressive, but not instrumental, social support. Conclusion: Our findings conform to previous qualitative work suggesting that caregivers’ mental health may not benefit from instrumental support, but from receiving expressive support instead. Initiatives for improving the care experience of working caregivers of older adults should focus on promoting expressive support from their friends and family.

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Validity and reliability of the Caregiver Reaction Assessment scale among primary informal caregivers for older persons in Singapore

Cited by 50 publications

References 32 publications

Changes in caregiver burden and health‐related quality of life of informal caregivers of older people with Dementia: evidence from the European RightTimePlaceCare prospective cohort study

Changes in caregiver burden and health‐related quality of life of informal caregivers of older people with Dementia: evidence from the European RightTimePlaceCare prospective cohort study

Feasibility and effectiveness of a telephone-based social support intervention for informal caregivers of people with dementia: Study protocol of the TALKING TIME project

Expressive social support buffers the impact of care-related work interruptions on caregivers’ depressive symptoms

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