Validity and reliability of test strips for the measurement of salivary nitrite concentration with and without the use of mouthwash in healthy adults

Babateen, Abrar; Shannon, Oliver M.; Mathers, John C.; Siervo, Mario

doi:10.1016/j.niox.2019.07.002

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…− over a 5-h period after a single shot of BJ [44]. The present study provided an opportunity to determine whether such strips can detect changes in salivary NO 2…”

Section: Salivary Nitrite Stripsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Acceptability and Feasibility of a 13-Week Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial Testing the Effects of Incremental Doses of Beetroot Juice in Overweight and Obese Older Adults

et al. 2021

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Nitrate-rich food can increase nitric oxide production and improve vascular and brain functions. This study examines the feasibility of a randomised controlled trial (RCT) testing the effects of prolonged consumption of different doses of dietary nitrate (NO3-) in the form of beetroot juice (BJ) in overweight and obese older participants. A single-blind, four-arm parallel pilot RCT was conducted in 62 overweight and obese (30.4 ± 4 kg/m2) older participants (mean ± standard deviation (SD), 66 ± 4 years). Participants were randomized to: (1) high-NO3- (HN: 2 × 70 mL BJ/day) (2) medium-NO3- (MN: 70 mL BJ/day), (3) low-NO3- (LN: 70 mL BJ on alternate days) or (4) Placebo (PL: 70 mL of NO3--depleted BJ on alternate days), for 13 weeks. Compliance was checked by a daily log of consumed BJ, NO3- intake, and by measuring NO3- and NO2- concentrations in plasma, saliva, and urine samples. Fifty participants completed the study. Self-reported compliance to the interventions was >90%. There were significant positive linear relationships between NO3- dose and the increase in plasma and urinary NO3- concentration (R2 = 0.71, P < 0.001 and R2 = 0.46 P < 0.001, respectively), but relationships between NO3- dose and changes in salivary NO3- and NO2- were non-linear (R2 = 0.35, P = 0.002 and R2 = 0.23, P = 0.007, respectively). The results confirm the feasibility of prolonged BJ supplementation in older overweight and obese adults.

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“…− over a 5-h period after a single shot of BJ [44]. The present study provided an opportunity to determine whether such strips can detect changes in salivary NO 2…”

Section: Salivary Nitrite Stripsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Acceptability and Feasibility of a 13-Week Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial Testing the Effects of Incremental Doses of Beetroot Juice in Overweight and Obese Older Adults

et al. 2021

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“…On the other hand, children and young adults (below 19 years old) have low COVID-19 mortality rates, which may be due to their high NO content [14]. To measure our study population's NO, we used a salivary strip that has a 96% accuracy rate [15]. We can improve our patients' NO readings by modifying their diet and lifestyle [16].…”

Section: Mechanism Of Nitric Oxide In Fighting Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant-Based Diet and Supplements Reduced COVID-19 Severity and Mortality in Elderly Patients with Multiple Comorbidities (Part 2: Exploring the Underlying Mechanisms of Successful Intervention)

Mulijono,

Hutapea,

Lister

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The potential advantages of plant-based interventions in decreasing the incidence and lessening the severity and mortality of COVID-19 are yet to be widely acknowledged. Nevertheless, recent investigations propose that these interventions could be effective. Our recent publication (part one) features an interventional study in which we incorporated plant-based foods and provided supplementation to 3470 elderly COVID-19 patients with multiple comorbidities. We pay close attention to the precise selection of food items, the application of appropriate processing methods, and the provision of nourishing meals to our patients. Our outcome was highly successful as we achieved a zero mortality rate, and none of our patients experienced worsening conditions or required hospitalization. This second paper presents our theoretical framework on the mechanisms through which plant-based and supplement interventions can mitigate disease severity and mortality. However, only very recently have experts validated our hypotheses. The measures and methods used to address the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic through plant-based interventions and supplements are effective and may help prevent or manage future pandemics.

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“…Salivary levels of NO were assessed using commercially available FDA-registered strips (NO Saliva Test Strips, MyFitStrip® LLC, Rockville, USA) prior to and two hours after dosing. NO test strips measure nitrite, which is used as an established surrogate marker for NO and nitrate [ 20 ]. Salivary NO was additionally assessed at six and 24 hours after dosing on the first day of the study only.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of S-Allylcysteine-Rich Garlic Extract and Dietary Inorganic Nitrate Formula on Blood Pressure and Salivary Nitric Oxide: An Open-Label Clinical Trial Among Hypertensive Subjects

Houston,

Chen,

D'Adamo

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Introduction: The conversion of dietary inorganic nitrate (NO3-) to nitric oxide (NO) is a non-canonical pathway that plays an important role in NO biology, especially under pathological conditions. Inorganic NO3-supplementation is a proven method for controlling mild hypertension. Recent reports have suggested that another gaseous transmitter, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), influences NO biosynthesis and metabolism. Here, data are presented from an open-label clinical trial examining the effect of an encapsulated formulation (Vascanox® HP) that combines dietary sources of inorganic NO3-and S-allylcysteine (SAC), a source of H2S from garlic, on NO bioavailability and blood pressure in subjects experiencing elevated blood pressure or mild hypertension.Methods: An open-label clinical trial was conducted among patients with hypertension. Participants took Vascanox® for four weeks. Blood pressure was measured at baseline, two weeks, and four weeks. Salivary nitrite (NO2-), a surrogate of NO bioavailability, and NO3-were assessed prior to and two, six, and 24 hours after dosing on the first day of the study and prior to and two hours after dosing at subsequent study visits using saliva NO test strips. Changes in study outcomes over time were evaluated via analysis of variance (ANOVA) and paired t-tests.Results: Twelve participants completed the clinical trial. Vascanox® HP decreased systolic blood pressure by ~11 mmHg (p < 0.001) at two weeks and persisted beyond four weeks with daily supplementation. It also decreased the diastolic blood pressure of hypertensive subjects but not normotensive ones. The magnitude of the decrease was 11 mmHg (p < 0.01) at four weeks of study. Measurements of salivary concentrations of NO2-revealed high peak levels (743 uM) at two hours post-administration and a slow decay to elevated levels (348 uM) at 24 hours. NO2-salivary concentrations, a surrogate biomarker of NO bioavailability, remained above baseline for the duration of the study.Conclusions: Vascanox® HP was shown to be a safe, effective, quick-acting, and long-lasting dietary supplement for controlling mild hypertension.

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Validity and reliability of test strips for the measurement of salivary nitrite concentration with and without the use of mouthwash in healthy adults

Cited by 17 publications

References 24 publications

Acceptability and Feasibility of a 13-Week Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial Testing the Effects of Incremental Doses of Beetroot Juice in Overweight and Obese Older Adults

Acceptability and Feasibility of a 13-Week Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial Testing the Effects of Incremental Doses of Beetroot Juice in Overweight and Obese Older Adults

Plant-Based Diet and Supplements Reduced COVID-19 Severity and Mortality in Elderly Patients with Multiple Comorbidities (Part 2: Exploring the Underlying Mechanisms of Successful Intervention)

Effects of S-Allylcysteine-Rich Garlic Extract and Dietary Inorganic Nitrate Formula on Blood Pressure and Salivary Nitric Oxide: An Open-Label Clinical Trial Among Hypertensive Subjects

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