Validity and Reliability of a Light-Based Electronic Target for Testing Response Time in Fencers

Giorgio, Andrea De; Iuliano, Enzo; Turner, Anthony N.; Millevolte, Carlo; Čular, Dražen; Ardigò, Luca Paolo; Padulo, Johnny

doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000003160

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…In short, the present study used the Stroop test as a suitable tool to create induced mental fatigue that allowed us to recreate the mental state of athletes engaged in competition actions. It is worth noting that in sports characterized by a low RT, such as fencing [ 21 ], table tennis [ 22 ] and shooting [ 23 , 24 , 25 ], players are required to have temporal and spatial precision to be able to hit the primary target: the opponent, ball or an object in flight. The choice to evaluate the effect of mental fatigue allowed us to think about the trade-off that occurs in natural environments in which speed and spatial precision are correlated with the level of skill and RT times are decisive for achieving the optimal result.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Mental Fatigue on Reaction Time in Sportsmen

Migliaccio

Filippo

Russo

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Aim: Mental fatigue (MF) has been defined as a psychobiological state commonly caused by prolonged periods of demanding cognitive activity. However, the differences between women and men in their reaction times (RTs) to visual stimuli due to mental fatigue remain largely unknown. We compare the differences in RT and heart rate after an acute intervention of mental fatigue between male and female athletes. Materials and methods: For this aim, 64 participants (age 31.7 ± 6.2 y) performed a routine of 15 min of the Stroop test (PsyTool), with 600 tasks and five different colors. Their heart rate (HR) was registered before, during, and one, three, and five minutes after the Stroop test. Meanwhile, the RT was evaluated before and after the Stroop test. A general linear mixed model (GLMM) and a Bonferroni post hoc test were used to compare the HR between the conditions and an ANOVA two-way analysis was used to compare the values pre-/post-Stroop test. (α = 0.05). Results: The GLMM for HR showed an effect on the time (p < 0.001) and the time × group interaction (p = 0.004). The RT was significantly increased pre- to post-Stroop test (p < 0.05); however, there was no difference between the pre- and post-HR measurements (p = 1.000) and the measurements one (p = 0.559), three (p = 1.000) and five (p = 1.000) min after the Stroop test. Conclusion: The present findings suggest that the parasympathetic branch of the autonomous nervous system which functions as a relaxation system tends to be activated under increasing mental fatigue, with a decreased performance (RT) similarly in men and women. Therefore, athletes could use MF induced during training to improve the time delay related to motor tasks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Mental Fatigue on Reaction Time in Sportsmen

Migliaccio

Filippo

Russo

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…The present study sheds new light on the role of feedback for motor learning. Indeed, literature demonstrated that feedback for motor learning can also be effective when performers’ attention is moved away from their body movements (external feedback; Wulf et al, 2002; De Giorgio et al, 2019). Verbal instructions vs. external feedback are two different approaches, each one having its own particularity but the current predominant observation here is that “feedback manipulations” seem to be more effective when it comes to enhancing the learners’ awareness of their body movements (Schmidt, 1991; Schmidt and Lee, 1999; Wulf et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In team sports, scientists have developed a lot of practical and learning techniques to provide educational and academic resources in order to obtain better knowledge among learners (Lauber and Keller, 2014; De Giorgio et al, 2018, 2019; Hraste et al, 2018). Several techniques and tools can be put at the service of sport practice and physical education, especially in motor learning (ML; Schmidt and Lee, 2011; Drost and Todorovich, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Verbal Instruction on Motor Learning Ability of Anaerobic and Explosive Exercises in Physical Education University Students

et al. 2019

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This study investigated the effect of motor learning with informational feedback into response to anaerobic exercises with and without motor learning tasks in handball physical education university students. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: experimental group (EG, n = 10) and control group (CG, n = 10). Measurements of T-half test, 15-m and 30-m sprints, and ZIG-ZAG test were assessed in both groups before (T1), between (T2) a 4-week intervention program, and after (T3) an 8-week intervention program, which included agility and speed teaching with (EG) or without (CG) informational feedback (i.e., verbal instruction). The test-retest reliability for all tests was excellent, and the ICC ranged from 0.76 (ZIG-ZAG test) to 0.99 (Agility T test). The interday measurement error was clearly below 1% in all tests (CV range: 0.2–0.8). Time effects for the Agility T test (p = 0.012, ηp2 = 0.245) and the 15-m sprint (p = 0.035, ηp2 = 0.190) were found. For the Agility T test, a total interaction effect (p = 0.001, ηp2 = 0.380) and a partial interaction effect were calculated between T2 and T3 (p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.603). A large effect size (d = 0.87) was observed in the EG from T2 to T3. The second relevant (d ≥ 0.5) effect size was calculated for the parameter sprint 30 m. The CG showed a significant sprint performance reduction from T2 to T3 (d = −0.60; parameter: sprint 30 m). All other effect sizes were less than 0.44. The ZIG-ZAG test revealed the largest main and partial effect sizes for all parameters. The EG showed the largest improvement (d = 2.00) between T2 and T3. The results demonstrate that motor learning with informational feedback improves performances of Agility T test, sprint, and ZIG-ZAG performance. It appears that a well-formulated verbal instruction may induce performance enhancement in young trainees in educational environment.

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“…Fencing requires a high level of physical and cognitive abilities, such as low reaction times, precision, and tactical decision-making (Gutiérrez-Cruz et al 2015;Sorel et al 2019;de Giorgio et al 2021). In fencing, a low reaction time is important for fencers in order to react to the actions of the opponent without being hit.…”

Section: Fencingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modified Bivariate Poisson-Lindley Model: Properties and Applications in Soccer

Haddari,

Zeghdoudi,

Vinoth

2024

International Journal of Computer Science in Sport

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Fencing is a sport requiring high levels of physical and mental abilities from athletes. Amongst others traits, fencers need to be able to hit small targets with high accuracy. In order to be able to investigate changes in the accuracy of fencers over prolonged periods of training, a training device needs to be accepted by its users. This article presents a low-cost feedback system that can be used to train and monitor accuracy. The system was evaluated for its acceptance and intended use by potential users using a qualitative version of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) (Venkatesh et al. 2012). Nine athletes participated in the evaluation. After conducting a standardized session, qualitative interviews were conducted with the athletes. Categorization was performed inductively along the dimensions of the UTAUT2 model. Results showed that the athletes were satisfied with the prototype and expressed their desire for a system with a simple setup. No effect of gender on usage intentions was found. However, an effect of age and/or experience on how athletes intend to use such as system was identified. More experienced athletes intended to use the system in dedicated parts of their training while novice athletes desired to integrate it into existing training sessions.

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Validity and Reliability of a Light-Based Electronic Target for Testing Response Time in Fencers

Cited by 7 publications

References 37 publications

Effects of Mental Fatigue on Reaction Time in Sportsmen

Effects of Mental Fatigue on Reaction Time in Sportsmen

Effect of Verbal Instruction on Motor Learning Ability of Anaerobic and Explosive Exercises in Physical Education University Students

Modified Bivariate Poisson-Lindley Model: Properties and Applications in Soccer

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