Validity and reliability of a novel optoelectronic device to measure movement velocity, force and power during the back squat exercise

Abstract

This study analysed the validity and reliability of a new optoelectronic device (Velowin) for the measurement of vertical displacement and velocity as well as to estimate force and mechanical power. Eleven trained males with Mean (SD) age = 27.4 (4.8) years, completed an incremental squat exercise test with 5 different loads (<30-90% of their 1−repetition maximum) while displacement and vertical velocity of the barbell were simultaneously measured using an integrated 3D system (3D motion capture system + force platform) and Velowin. Substantial to almost perfect correlation (concordance correlation coefficient = 0.75-0.96), root mean square error as coefficient of variation ±90% confidence interval £ 10% and good to excellent intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.84-0.99 were determined for all the variables. Passing and Bablock regression methods revealed no differences for average velocity. However, significant but consistent bias were determined for average or peak force and power while systematic and not proportional bias was found for displacement. In conclusion, Velowin, in holds of some potential advantages over traditionally used accelerometer or linear transducers, represents a valid and reliable alternative to monitor vertical displacement and velocity as well as to estimate average force and mechanical power during the squat exercise.

Validity and reliability of an optoelectronic system to measure movement velocity during bench press and half squat in a Smith machine

“…22,31,33 Recent studies examined the validity and reliability of VW during free-weight HS over a range of intensities. 19,20 Similar to this study, Garcı´a-Ramos et al 20 used the T-F system as the reference method, finding a low fixed bias in MPV between devices during HS (fixed bias = 0.02 by Garcı´a-Ramos vs a fixed bias range = 20.04 to 0.02 in this study). Garcı´a-Ramos et al 20 found a significant proportional bias in the assessment of MPV during HS, observing an underestimation of MPV with increasing MPV, as assessed by VW.…”

“…However, it should be considered that assessments conducted in sports science are commonly characterized by the presence of heteroscedasticity. 34 In addition to this study, Laza-Cagigas et al 19 recently performed a comprehensive validity study of VW using the gold standard method to assess both movement velocity and force production (3D motion capture system and force platform, respectively) during free-weight HS. Although these authors did not examine MPV, they did not find neither fixed nor proportional bias in mean velocity (intercept = 20.04 and slope = 1.01).…”

“…VW was launched in 2017 and there are currently three validation studies stating that this device is valid and reliable to assess movement velocity during freeweight HS and countermovement jump (CMJ). [19][20][21] However, from a profound examination of these studies, the authors detect some limitations that make this study necessary. It is crucial to consider that the VW device is a camera-based system, only able to assess movement velocity in two dimensions.…”

Effectiveness of combining microcurrent with resistance training in trained males

“…The repetition that produced the maximal average value of the mechanical power (calculated from the accelerative portion of the concentric phase, during which the acceleration of the barbell was ≥ − 9.81 m s −2 ) was selected for the analysis. A recently validated (Laza-Cagigas et al 2018) portable single optoelectronic infrared camera system (Velowin, Deportec, Spain) with a fixed sampling frequency of 500 Hz was used to track a retroreflective strip placed at the center of the bar during the three BP repetitions. The device was connected to a computer through a USB interface and the proprietary software (Velowin 1.6.314).…”

An Optoelectronic System for Measuring the Range of Motion in Healthy Volunteers: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…In spite of being a handy and easy to use tool, the utility of the WiiRemote TM to track points is limited to certain lighting conditions and a sampling rate of 100 samples per second [14]; thus new optoelectronic systems have emerged [15,16]. The VeloFlex system (VS) (Deportec, Murcia, Spain) is a new tool that can track up to four markers and provides real-time feedback with zero latency time.…”