Validity and Reliability Diabetic Foot Check-up as a Simple Screening Test of Diabetic Foot Ulcers in a Community

Abstract

Early detection of PAD and neuropathy is essential to prevent diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). The study aimed to identify the inter reliability of diabetic foot check-up (Ipswich touch test [IpTT] and palpation of the dorsal pedis and posterior tibialis) between nurses and caregivers. An inter-operator observation study between nurses and caregivers was conducted to evaluate the reliability of diabetic foot check-up in eight public health centers in eastern Indonesia. Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) with and without diabetic foot ulcer (DFU, n = 144) were included in this study. The nurse demonstrates IpTT and palpation of the dorsal pedis and posterior tibial artery, followed by the caregiver. The McNemar test confirmed no difference in IpTT between nurses and caregivers on the left foot at the first, third, and fifth finger (P > 0.05), similar to the right foot (P > 0.05). The sensitivity of palpation dorsal pedis was (47.3%–50%) and (50%–52%) for the left and right foot, respectively. The insights gained from this study may assist in implementing diabetic foot check-up as an early screening tool for risk DFU in the community setting.

Pengaruh Edukasi Metode Drill Tentang Check Up Kaki Diabetes Terhadap Pengetahuan Dan Keterampilan Pada Caregiver

“…Palpasi dorsalis pedis (DT) dan posterior tibialis (PT) merupakan pemeriksaan yang direkomendasikan untuk mendeteksi angiopati (Scott, 2013) dan memiliki sensitivitas yang baik dalam mendeteksi PAD (Aubert et al, 2013). Kedua metode ini (IpTT dan palpasi) merupakan alternatif sederhana, mudah diaplikasikan oleh non profesional (Bubun et al, 2023), tidak membutuhkan biaya dan instrument apapun serta dapat di gunakan pada pasien rawat inap, pasien rawat jalan dan di komunitas (Rayman et al, 2011;Bowling et al, 2012;Sharma et al, 2014). Oleh karena itu, salah satu cara efektif untuk mencegah LKD dengan memberdayakan caregiver.…”

The Utility of Annual Reassessment of the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot Diabetes-Related Foot Ulcer Risk Classification in the Primary Care Setting—A Cohort Study

“…This implies that it may be a limitation of data quality (on a minor scale), but it reflects the reality. Also, there is still a controversy about the (intra-and inter-) reliability of the collection of these variables [21,22] that are highly experience-related.…”