Validitas Metode Polymerase Chain Reaction GeneXpert MTB/RIF pada Bahan Pemeriksaan Sputum untuk Mendiagnosis Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis

Abstract

AbstrakPengendalian tuberkulosis saat ini terkendala oleh metode diagnostik konvensional yang lambat terutama untuk mendeteksi multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Deteksi dini MDR-TB sangat penting untuk mencegah penyebaran MDR-TB dan mengurangi angka kematian. Validity of Polymerase Chain Reaction GeneXpert MTB/RIF Method on Sputum Sample Examination to Diagnose Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis AbstractControl of tuberculosis is hampered by slow conventional diagnostic methods especially for the detection of multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Early detection of MDR-TB is essential to interrupt MDR-TB transmission and reduce the death rate. The aim of this study was to assess the validity of polymerase chain reaction genexpert MTB/RIF examination, which is a rapid automated molecular examination for the detection of MDR-TB. The study was conducted at the Directly Observed Treatment Short-Course (DOTS) clinic at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung. Subjects were patients with suspected MDR-TB. The research sample was sputum which was subjected to microscopic examination, susceptibility test proportion methods in Lowenstein Jensen media and polymerase chain reaction genexpert MTB/RIF examination. During August 2012 until January 2013, 88 subjects were obtained, with most of them were 25-34 years old. There were 54 samples obtained that grew in culture and 34 samples did not grow while 3 samples were other Mycobacteria of tuberculosis. It was also found that 97.5% of rifampin-resistant samples were also resistant to isoniazid. Examination of GeneXpert MTB/RIF showed a sensitivity of 92.3%, specificity of 75% with an accuracy of 88.2%. In conclusion, GeneXpert MTB/RIF examination has high validity for diagnosing MDR-TB against M. tuberculosis gold standard resistance test using the proportion method in Lowenstein Jensen media. The examination is recommended for MDR-TB screening. [MKB. 2013;45(4):234-9]

Association of Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Levels With Acid-Fast Bacillus (AFB) Sputum Conversion In Drug-Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patient

“…Another study conducted by Sirait et al also showed that the most common complaint (88%) was chronic cough. 18 Other symptoms that might be present are shortness of breath, chest pain, bloody cough or hemoptysis, and systemic symptoms i.e., fever, chills, night sweats, fatigue or malaise, and weight loss. 19 About 71.8% of subjects in this study had positive AFB smear result (scanty, 1+, 2+, 3+).…”

Provision of Resources in the Implementation of Tuberculosis-Multi Drugs Resistance Treatment Service in “X” Hospital

“…As the results of research conducted by Sirait et al which states that molecular rapid test kits are suggested as the primary screening tool for MDR-TB. 15 Likewise with research that has been done by Cox et al, Gomez et al, Saeed et al and Evan et al which all state that the enforcement of MDR-TB diagnoses should have used the rapid examination method. 16,17,18,19 The rapid test can work in as little as 2 hours as stated in the research of Saeed et al 19 The results of examinations that we're able to be carried out briefly were found no significant differences when compared with the results of examinations conducted by microscopy or culture methods, as stated by Lebina et al in his research.…”

Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera) Untuk Meningkatkan Kadar Haemoglobin Pada Ibu Hamil: A Literatur Review

“…Beberapa penelitian telah mengungkapkan tambahan zat untuk meningkatkan haemoglobin yang dengan mudah ditemukan serta mengolahnya, berasal dari tanaman lokal yaitu daun kelor (Moringa oleifera). Study yang dilakukan secara in vivo, ternyata daun kelor juga dapat meningkatkan berat badan anak serta jumlah sel darah merah (5) . Peneliti lain juga mengungkapkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak biji klabet dan daun kelor dapat meningkatkan jumlah produksi air susu ibu sehingga berat badan anak meningkat, hal ini dapat digunakan sebagai pencegahan terjadinya stunting (6) (7) .…”