Validation of use of xenon 133 to measure intrarenal distribution of blood flow

Blaufox, M. Donald; Fromowitz, Arthur J.; Gruskin, Alan B.; Ch, Meng; Elkin, Milton

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1970.219.2.440

Cited by 51 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The xenon-133 washout technique has been validated for the measurement of the intrarenal distribution of blood flow [4]. In normals, renal cortical blood flow is represented by the first rapid component of the xenon-133 washout curve.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemodynamics of a Renal Arteriovenous Fistula in Oliguric Renal Failure

Lindner¹,

Collard²,

Guey³

et al. 1974

Nephron

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A woman with oliguric post partum renal failure was studied by means of the xenon-133 washout technique, renal biopsy, and selective renal arteriogram. An arteriovenous fistula was found in the lower pole of the left kidney. The xenon-133 washout demonstrated a very rapid flow rate to the first compartment (1,439 ml/100 g/min), while other evidence suggested severe cortical ischemia. Spurious measurements of renal cortical perfusion may be obtained with the xenon-133 washout if an arteriovenous fistula is present.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemodynamics of a Renal Arteriovenous Fistula in Oliguric Renal Failure

Lindner¹,

Collard²,

Guey³

et al. 1974

Nephron

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“…That the cifically related to pediatrics. The RBF is determined by 13"e technique provides useful hemodynamic data in humans has been shown by comparison oE angiographic findings [25,481 or sequential camera pictures [3] with information derived by graphic analysis of the washout curve.…”

Section: Zntroclz~ctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrarenal Blood Flow in Children with Normal Kidneys and Congenital Heart Disease: Changes Attributable to Angiography

1974

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ExtractThirty 133Xe determinations of renal blood flow were made in 20 children ranging in age from l9f2 to I09i2 years. I n six normal kidneys average blood flows to the outer and inner cortex were 374 and 44 ml/min/100 g, respectively. Mean fractional flows to these areas were 84 and 15 ml/min/100 g, respectively. I n nine children with congenital heart disease (CHD) who were not in congestive heart failure and who were evaluated before angiography, a defect in outer cortical flow was demonstrated. Average blood flows to the outer and inner cortex were 250 ml/min/100 g ( P 0.0005) and 27 ml/min/100 g ( P 0.22). Mean fractional flows were 76y0 ( P 0.03) and 24% ( P 0.015), respectively.After cardiac angiography, a decrease in outer cor~ical flow occurred. The second flow study was performed 8-30 min after injection of contrast media (Hypaque-M, 75%) in amounts which ranged from 1.2 to 3.5 ml/kg body wt. After angiography, blood flows to the outer and inner cortex were 186 ml/min/100 g ( P 0.001) and 24.5 ml/min/100 g (P 0.68). Average fractional flow to the outer, 74y0 and inner: Z6Y0 cortex, did not change ( P 0.71). SpeculationKidneys of children with CHD have decreased outer cortical flow, which may result in increased renal renin production. Therefore, a child with CHD may suffer the long term consequences of hyperreninemia. Furthermore, the balance of any metabolic system whose metabolic pathways involve the outer cortex may be altered and hemodynamic response to stressful clinical situations may be greater in the kidneys of children. Zntroclz~ctioninjecting a bolus of into the renal artery and monitoring the rate of disappearance of the isotope by Although inforlnation of major importance relative to ol external counting devices over the renal blood flow (RBF) has been obtained using the kidney. Graphic analysis of the resultant data provides radionucleide 01 the inert gas, xenon (l3%e), in aniinformation relative to both the rate of nutrient flow rnals and in human adult subjects, this technique has and the fraction of total Aow which perfuses the outer not been used previously to invastigate problems speand inner cortical regions of the kidney. That the cifically related to pediatrics. The RBF is determined by 13"e technique provides useful hemodynamic data in

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“…Xenon washout curves are analyzed off-line using a 2-phase exponential model after subtraction of background radiation 2,3 (GraphPad Software, Inc). In our hands, the 95th percentile of differences between 2 repeated flow measurements in the same kidney is 25% (mean variability of 2 measurements plus 2ϫSD), with no systematic left-right differences between the first and the second measurements.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymmetry of Renal Blood Flow in Patients With Moderate to Severe Hypertension

et al. 2003

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Abstract-It is generally assumed that renal blood flow is symmetric in the absence of renal artery stenosis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether this is really the case. From a group of consecutive hypertensive patients who had undergone renal angiography, we selected those with patent renal arteries. In all of them selective renal blood flow (RBF) measurements ( 133 Xenon washout technique) had been performed with blood sampling from aorta and both renal veins (nϭ148). Asymmetry of RBF, defined as Ն25% difference in RBF between left and right kidney, was present in 51% of the patients. Subjects with and without asymmetry did not differ in age, body mass index, blood pressure, creatinine clearance, renal volume, or activity of the renin-angiotensin system. The presence of asymmetry coincided with an increased rate of false-positive results on renal scintigraphy. Preliminary data suggest that there may be a relation between asymmetry and renal sympathetic nerve activity. This study demonstrates that asymmetry of RBF is a frequent finding in essential hypertension, which may confound the results of diagnostic tests for renal artery stenosis. Furthermore, the present results underscore the importance of studying the function of both kidneys separately, because it cannot be assumed that they are functionally equal.

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Validation of use of xenon 133 to measure intrarenal distribution of blood flow

Cited by 51 publications

References 4 publications

Hemodynamics of a Renal Arteriovenous Fistula in Oliguric Renal Failure

Hemodynamics of a Renal Arteriovenous Fistula in Oliguric Renal Failure

Intrarenal Blood Flow in Children with Normal Kidneys and Congenital Heart Disease: Changes Attributable to Angiography

Asymmetry of Renal Blood Flow in Patients With Moderate to Severe Hypertension

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