“…Measurement instruments developed on the base of TPACK framework Ritzhaupt et al[9] also carried out the validation of the SPTKTT questionnaire and found that there is no clear difference between the Pedagogical Knowledge, Pedagogical Content Knowledge, Technological Pedagogical Knowledge, and Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge. These four subscales collapsed into three unintended latent factors, one of which is composed of items from Pedagogical Knowledge and Pedagogical Content Knowledge, while another includes items from Technological Pedagogical Knowledge, Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge, Technology Knowledge, Social Science Content Knowledge, Science Content Knowledge, Literacy Content Knowledge, Mathematics Content Knowledge, and Technological Content Knowledge.…”