Validation of the Friedewald formula for the determination of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol compared with β-quantification in a large population

Tremblay, André; Morrissette, Hugo; Gagné, Jean-Marc; Bergeron, Jean; Gagné, Claude; Couture, Patrick

doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2004.03.008

Cited by 198 publications

(150 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…32 However, the level of error in estimated levels increases with increasing triglyceride levels, hence it is recommended that the Friedewald formula should not be used when triglyceride levels >4.5mmol/L. 33 Exclusion of people with elevated triglyceride levels from calculations of LDL-cholesterol levels leads to the exclusion of more men than women and could introduce bias. However, sensitivity analyses and the similarity in findings for total and LDLcholesterol (which are highly correlated) suggest that these exclusions are unlikely to explain our findings on LDL-cholesterol.…”

Section: Methodological Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in the associations between birthweight and lipid levels in middle-age: Findings from the 1958 British birth cohort

Cooper¹,

Power²

2008

Atherosclerosis

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ObjectiveTo examine sex differences in birthweight-lipid associations. Methods and ResultsUsing prospectively collected data on birthweight and non-fasting lipid levels at age 44-45y from the 1958 British birth cohort (3603 men and 3583 women), sex differences in birthweight-lipid associations were examined.There were inverse associations between birthweight and total and low-density-lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol among women (a 1kg increase in birthweight was associated with a 0.13mmol/L reduction in total cholesterol (p<0.001) and a 0.07mmol/L reduction in LDLcholesterol (p=0.02)) but no associations among men (p=0.005 and p=0.01, respectively, for birthweight x sex interactions). There was an inverse association between birthweight and triglycerides of a similar magnitude in both sexes (a 1kg increase in birthweight was associated with a 7% reduction in triglyceride levels in sex-adjusted models (p<0.001)).There was no association between birthweight and high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol.Associations were largely unaltered after adjustment for covariates. Of birthweight, current height and BMI, the latter was the strongest predictor of lipid levels. ConclusionsThe finding of an inverse association between birthweight and triglycerides in both sexes and of inverse associations between birthweight and total and LDL-cholesterol only in women suggests that the mechanisms underlying the associations with birthweight may vary for different lipids.2

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Section: Methodological Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in the associations between birthweight and lipid levels in middle-age: Findings from the 1958 British birth cohort

Cooper¹,

Power²

2008

Atherosclerosis

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“…Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) was calculated using the Friedewald equation. [19] The very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-c) was estimated as Total Cholesterol -(LDL-c + HDL-c). The HOMA was calculated as: fasting plasma glucose (mg/d L) x fasting serum insulin (mU/L)/405.…”

Section: Laboratory Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early detection of liver damage in Mexican patients with chronic liver disease

Torres-Valadez

Román

José-Ábrego

et al. 2017

Journal of Translational Internal Medicine

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Background and Objective: Liver cirrhosis is usually detected at the later stages of disease. This study is aimed to detect liver damage in patients with chronic liver disease using transitional elastography (TE) and to assess the biochemical parameters associated with liver damage. Methods: In 578 patients, chronic liver disease based on etiology was diagnosed by clinical and laboratory tests. Liver damage was evaluated with TE (FibroScan®), while its association with biochemical parameters was performed using the logistic regression tests. Results: Overall, the main etiologies of liver damage were hepatitis C virus (HCV) (37%), alcoholic liver disease (ALD) (33%) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) (26%). Patients were 40 to 50 years of age. ALD and hepatitis B prevailed in men, whereas HCV and NASH in women. The stages of fibrosis were F0 (n = 121, 21%), F1 (n = 122, 21%), F2 (n = 58, 10%), F3 (n = 46, 8%) and F4 (n = 87, 15%). In patients with liver cirrhosis, ALD (n = 96/217, 45%), HCV (n = 94/217, 43%) and NASH (n = 21/217, 10%) were the leading etiologies. Platelets count (OR=3.31, 95%CI 1.61-6.78), glucose (OR=3.07, 95%CI 1.50-6.26), gamma-glutamyltransferase (OR=3.60, 95%CI 1.79-7.25), albumin (OR=3.89, 95%CI 1.61-9.36), and total bilirubin (OR=3.93, 95%CI 1.41-10.91) were associated to advanced stages of fibrosis (F3-F4) regardless of etiology. The concordance and positive predictive values of these parameters were higher as compared to other scores. Conclusion: Asymptomatic liver disease due to HCV, ALD and NASH prevailed in young adults. Advanced liver damage assessed by TE was associated with five biochemical parameters. In conjunction, both methodologies may be useful for the early detection of fibrosis and cirrhosis in Latin America.

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“…Thus, in this study, authors were not able to calculate LDL cholesterol. Although the authors cited a previous report by Tremblay AJ et al 10) to show no bias related to LDL cholesterol levels among persons with 802 of mg/dL TG, they observed their findings in a study of 9 477 participants with at least 12-hour fasting. The term "LDL cholesterol" in Noda et al's article is not appropriate, and may lead to misunderstanding.…”

Section: Tomonori Okamuramentioning

confidence: 73%

Low Blood Chlesterol and Intraparenchymal Hemorrhage in Cohort Studies

Okamura

2010

JAT

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Validation of the Friedewald formula for the determination of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol compared with β-quantification in a large population

Cited by 198 publications

References 22 publications

Sex differences in the associations between birthweight and lipid levels in middle-age: Findings from the 1958 British birth cohort

Sex differences in the associations between birthweight and lipid levels in middle-age: Findings from the 1958 British birth cohort

Early detection of liver damage in Mexican patients with chronic liver disease

Low Blood Chlesterol and Intraparenchymal Hemorrhage in Cohort Studies

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