Validation of the Acute Recovery and Stress Scale (ARSS) and the Short Recovery and Stress Scale (SRSS) in three English-speaking regions

Kölling, Sarah; Schaffran, Paul; Bibbey, Adam; Drew, Michael; Raysmith, Benjamin P.; Nässi, Anu; Kellmann, Michael

doi:10.1080/02640414.2019.1684790

Cited by 30 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Validated self-report questionnaires that are frequently cited in research include the Profile of Mood States (POMS), Total Quality Recovery (TQR), Daily Analysis of Life Demands for Athletes (DALDA), the Recovery Stress Questionnaire for Athletes (REST-Q), the Acute Recovery and Stress Scale (ARSS), and the Rating of Fatigue Scale (ROF) [11,170,[175][176][177][178][179]. Additionally, Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) and session RPE (duration of training session multiplied by RPE) are frequently used to monitor both training load and expected responses to training load [11].…”

Section: Self-reported Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Fatigue and Recovery in Sport: Narrative Review

et al. 2022

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Fatigue is a phenomenon associated with decreases in both physical and cognitive performances and increases in injury occurrence. Competitive athletes are required to complete demanding training programmes with high workloads to elicit the physiological and musculoskeletal adaptations plus skill acquisition necessary for performance. High workloads, especially sudden rapid increases in training loads, are associated with the occurrence of fatigue. At present, there is limited evidence elucidating the underlying mechanisms associating the fatigue generated by higher workloads and with an increase in injury risk. The multidimensional nature and manifestation of fatigue have led to differing definitions and dichotomies of the term. Consequently, a plethora of physiological, biochemical, psychological and performance markers have been proposed to measure fatigue and recovery. Those include self-reported scales, countermovement jump performance, heart rate variability, and saliva and serum biomarker analyses. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the fatigue and recovery plus methods of assessments.

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Section: Self-reported Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Fatigue and Recovery in Sport: Narrative Review

et al. 2022

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“…physical and psychological restorative processes [ 24 ]) [ 22 ]. The SRSS was selected for its specificity, brevity and validity in athletes [ 25 ]. Two values were obtained from the SRSS; the sum of all items related to recovery and the sum of all items related to stress.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship Between Psychological Stress and Anxiety with Gastrointestinal Symptoms Before and During a 56 km Ultramarathon Running Race

et al. 2021

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Background This study assessed relationships and sex differences between psychological state (recovery, stress, anxiety, and self-confidence) and gastrointestinal symptoms (GIS) prior to and during a 56 km ultramarathon running race and identified predictive factors of race GIS. Forty-four (26 males, 18 females) ultramarathon competitors completed anxiety, recovery, stress and GIS questionnaires for three days prior to the race and immediately pre-race. Race GIS were assessed immediately post-race. Spearman’s rank order, Mann–Whitney U tests and regression analyses were used to determine correlations and identify sex differences between psychological state and GIS and determine predictors of race GIS. Results Race GIS were significantly correlated with recovery (rs = − 0.381, p = 0.011), stress (rs = 0.500, p = 0.001) and anxiety (rs = 0.408, p = 0.006), calculated as the mean of the three days preceding the race and on race morning. The correlation between anxiety and GIS was strongest in the 24 h immediately prior to the race (all rs > 0.400, and all p < 0.05), but unclear patterns were identified for stress and recovery. Regression analyses showed 36% and 40% of variation in the severity and number of race GIS was accounted for by body mass and measures of stress, anxiety, and GIS over the three days preceding the race and on race morning (both p < 0.001). There were no sex differences in the number and severity of GIS leading up to or during the race (all p > 0.05), however, females reported greater state anxiety (p = 0.018) and lower self-confidence than males (p = 0.006) over the three days preceding the race and on race morning. Conclusion Endurance athletes that experience GIS during competition should investigate elevated stress and/or anxiety as a potential contributor and identify if management strategies can reduce the occurrence and severity of GIS.

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“…Such measures could be paired with a validated questionnaire and, heart rate variability to increase the relevance to athletic performance. More established questionnaires such as the Beck's Depression Inventory ( 87 ), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory ( 88 ), and Profile of Mood States ( 89 ), as well as more population-specific tools like the Acute Recovery and Stress Scale and the Short Recovery and Stress Scale ( 90 , 91 ), can easily be utilized.…”

Section: Primary Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…tools like the Acute Recovery and Stress Scale and the Short Recovery and Stress Scale(90,91), can easily be utilized.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Best Practices for Probiotic Research in Athletic and Physically Active Populations: Guidance for Future Randomized Controlled Trials

et al. 2022

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Probiotic supplementation, traditionally used for the prevention or treatment of a variety of disease indications, is now recognized in a variety of population groups including athletes and those physically active for improving general health and performance. However, experimental and clinical trials with probiotics commonly suffer from design flaws and different outcome measures, making comparison and synthesis of conclusions difficult. Here we review current randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using probiotics for performance improvement, prevention of common illnesses, or general health, in a specific target population (athletes and those physically active). Future RCTs should address the key elements of (1) properly defining and characterizing a probiotic intervention, (2) study design factors, (3) study population characteristics, and (4) outcome measures, that will allow valid conclusions to be drawn. Careful evaluation and implementation of these elements should yield improved trials, which will better facilitate the generation of evidence-based probiotic supplementation recommendations for athletes and physically active individuals.

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Validation of the Acute Recovery and Stress Scale (ARSS) and the Short Recovery and Stress Scale (SRSS) in three English-speaking regions

Cited by 30 publications

References 41 publications

Assessment of Fatigue and Recovery in Sport: Narrative Review

Assessment of Fatigue and Recovery in Sport: Narrative Review

The Relationship Between Psychological Stress and Anxiety with Gastrointestinal Symptoms Before and During a 56 km Ultramarathon Running Race

Best Practices for Probiotic Research in Athletic and Physically Active Populations: Guidance for Future Randomized Controlled Trials

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