Validation of the Accuracy and Convergence Time of Real Time Kinematic Results Using a Single Galileo Navigation System

Siejka, Zbigniew

doi:10.3390/s18082412

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Nevertheless, under unfavorable conditions, their accuracy can drop to 10 • [55,56]. With respect to the 2020 measurement campaign, and in comparison with the 2019 measurement campaign, a geodetic GNSS receiver was used, allowing for executing measurements in real-time with a centimeter-level accuracy [57,58]. Whereas the magnetic compass used in the OceanAlpha USV SL20 featured a high stability of course maintenance of 1 • -3 • RMS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Steering Precision of a Hydrographic USV along Sounding Profiles Using a High-Precision GNSS RTK Receiver Supported Autopilot

Marchel

Specht

2020

Energies

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Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USV) are increasingly used to perform numerous tasks connected with measurements in inland waters and seas. One of such target applications is hydrography, where traditional (manned) bathymetric measurements are increasingly often realized by unmanned surface vehicles. This pertains especially to restricted or hardly navigable waters, in which execution of hydrographic surveys with the use of USVs requires precise maneuvering. Bathymetric measurements should be realized in a way that makes it possible to determine the waterbody’s depth as precisely as possible, and this requires high-precision in navigating along planned sounding profiles. This paper presents research that aimed to determine the accuracy of unmanned surface vehicle steering in autonomous mode (with a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller) along planned hydrographic profiles. During the measurements, a high-precision Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Real Time Kinematic (RTK) positioning system based on a GNSS reference station network (positioning accuracy: 1–2 cm, p = 0.95) and a magnetic compass with the stability of course maintenance of 1°–3° Root Mean Square (RMS) were used. For the purpose of evaluating the accuracy of the vessel’s path following along sounding profiles, the cross track error (XTE) measure, i.e., the distance between an USV’s position and the hydrographic profile, calculated transversely to the course, was proposed. The tests were compared with earlier measurements taken by other unmanned surface vehicles, which followed the exact same profiles with the use of much simpler and low-cost multi-GNSS receiver (positioning accuracy: 2–2.5 m or better, p = 0.50), supported with a Fluxgate magnetic compass with a high course measurement accuracy of 0.3° (p = 0.50 at 30 m/s). The research has shown that despite the considerable difference in the positioning accuracy of both devices and incomparably different costs of both solutions, the authors proved that the use of the GNSS RTK positioning system, as opposed to a multi-GNSS system supported with a Fluxgate magnetic compass, influences the precision of USV following sounding profiles to an insignificant extent.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Steering Precision of a Hydrographic USV along Sounding Profiles Using a High-Precision GNSS RTK Receiver Supported Autopilot

Marchel

Specht

2020

Energies

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“…the European Galileo, whose FOCs are planned for the year 2020 [8], and the Chinese BeiDou which has achieved operational capability in a regional area, with the FOC to be achieved in 2020 [9]. According to research of other authors [10][11][12][13][14], the use of more number of satellites and GNSS systems (GPS, GLONASS, BeiDou, Galileo) leads to continuous improvement of positioning characteristics, which include: accuracy, availability, continuity, reliability etc. It can be assumed that in the future, autonomous navigation satellite systems with a regional operating zone, which are currently being launched, will be commonly used as well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing GNSS receiver accuracy in Samsung Galaxy series mobile phones at a sports stadium

Specht

Szot

Dąbrowski

et al. 2020

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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For many years, global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) have been used in professional navigation, land surveying and transport. The last decade has been a period of extending the area of their use to social applications, including those related to sports and recreation. Nowadays, both handheld recorders and mobile phones equipped with GNSS modules are widely used in fitness. Moreover, due to the popularisation of jogging, a mobile phone has become one of the essential navigational instruments which enables, inter alia, the determination of the distance covered by an amateur athlete, the duration of completing the route and the athlete's speed. However, each of satellite-based solutions is characterised by a different positioning accuracy and positioning availability, which have a decisive influence on the reliability of the parameters being measured. The article proposes a new measure of positioning accuracy, the stadium cross track error (SXTE) with a confidence level of 95% and 68%, as a universal comparison criterion for satellite sport receivers. The application of the method is presented with the example of receivers used in nine Samsung Galaxy series mobile phones. The method uses an athletics stadium that meets the International Association of Athletics Federation's standard for the running track length (400 m). The study demonstrated significant differences in positioning accuracies of particular GNSS receivers in Samsung Galaxy series mobile phones while allowing their accuracy to be unambiguously assessed.

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“…Recent developments in many countries have resulted in continuous operating reference stations (CORS) at strategic locations, whose error corrections can be accessed via mobile data networks, as long as there is network coverage. The most sophisticated GNSS devices can nowadays provide positioning with millimetre horizontal and sub-centimetre vertical accuracy (Li et al, 2015;Siejka, 2018). However, these innovations have yet to make it into commercial receivers.…”

Section: Relative Positioning Using Traditional Surveyingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Error in hydraulic head and gradient time-series measurements: a quantitative appraisal

Rau¹,

Post²,

Shanafield³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Abstract. Hydraulic head and gradient measurements underpin practically all investigations in hydro(geo)logy. There is sufficient information in the literature to suggest that head measurement errors may be so large that flow directions can not be inferred reliably, and that their magnitude can have as great an effect on the uncertainty of flow rates as the hydraulic conductivity. Yet, educational text books contain limited content regarding measurement techniques and studies rarely report on measurement errors. The objective of our study is to review currently-accepted standard operating procedures in hydrological research and to determine the smallest head gradients that can be resolved. To this aim, we first systematically investigate the systematic and random measurements errors involved in collecting time series information on hydraulic head at a given location: (1) geospatial position, (2) point of head, (3) depth to water, and (4) water level time series. Then, by propagating the random errors, we find that with current standard practice, horizontal head gradients

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Validation of the Accuracy and Convergence Time of Real Time Kinematic Results Using a Single Galileo Navigation System

Cited by 15 publications

References 15 publications

Assessment of the Steering Precision of a Hydrographic USV along Sounding Profiles Using a High-Precision GNSS RTK Receiver Supported Autopilot

Assessment of the Steering Precision of a Hydrographic USV along Sounding Profiles Using a High-Precision GNSS RTK Receiver Supported Autopilot

Testing GNSS receiver accuracy in Samsung Galaxy series mobile phones at a sports stadium

Error in hydraulic head and gradient time-series measurements: a quantitative appraisal

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