Validation of Forehead Venous Pressure as a Measure of Respiratory Effort for the Diagnosis of Sleep Apnea

Abstract

The results of the study suggest that the FVP can serve as an alternative to respiratory bands in the differential diagnosis of sleep disordered breathing, and in the recognition of patients appropriate for bilevel continuous positive airway pressure devices.

Assessment of respiratory effort during sleep: Esophageal pressure versus noninvasive monitoring techniques

“…It has been shown that intensity variations of the PPG signal may be induced by respiration [60]. Although the physiological background of respiratory-induced intensity variations is not fully understood, it is assumed that the fluctuation of venous return to the heart, linked to the alterations in intrathoracic pressure, is a dominant mechanism [61]. The peak-to-peak amplitude of these respiratoryinduced intensity variations is closely correlated with tidal volume and respiratory changes in peripheral venous pressure.…”

“…PPG applied to the forehead is believed to monitor respiration-related changes of volume or pressure in the veins of the skin. Using a commercial device (ARES™ Unicorder, Advanced Brain Monitoring, Carlsbad, CA), PPG has been applied in a trial to validate forehead venous pressure (FVP) as a measure of respiratory effort for the diagnosis of sleep apnea [61]. The monitoring of FVP is based on a composite signal derived from optical, motion and pressure sensors.…”

Perioperative practical experiences in using a level 2 portable polysomnography

“…Inlaboratory PSG is also not practical in some situations, such as postoperative sleep evaluation. To deal with this issue, a number of portable sleep monitoring devices have been developed [15][16][17][18][19][20]. To provide evidence-based recommendations on the use of unattended portable monitors in the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea in adult patients, a clinical guideline has been published by the Portable Monitoring Task Force of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine in 2007 [21][22][23][24].…”

Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia in stable heart failure: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial

“…Participants will be eligible if they continue to have insomnia once adherent to positive airway pressure ≥ 6 hours/night for at least 3 months. Those who have not been evaluated for SA will be screened in their homes with the Apnea Risk Evaluation System (ARES) [36], a portable sleep recorder for two consecutive nights. If participants have previous SA apnea screening within the past year that meets the study criteria, we will include them in the study.…”