Validation of ECMWF and NCEP-NCAR reanalysis data in Antarctica

Yu, Lejiang; Zhang, Zhanhai; Zhou, Mingyu; Zhong, Shiyuan; Lenschow, Donald H.; Hsu, Hsiao-Ming; Wu, Huiding; Sun, Bо

doi:10.1007/s00376-010-9140-1

Cited by 28 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This forcing set was chosen for its good overall performance for surface-level processes in the Arctic (Jakobson et al 2012), although the radiative fluxes have been shown to be too high because of poor representation of the cloud fraction (Curry et al 2002;Zib et al 2012). For the Antarctic the data also perform well at surface levels, although there is a bias for too cold air temperatures in the western Antarctic (Yu et al 2010) and radiative fluxes that are too high (Vancoppenolle AUGUST 2015 W…”

Section: A Standard Run Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Impact of Ice Formation in Leads upon the Sea Ice Pack Mass Balance Using a New Frazil and Grease Ice Parameterization

Wilchinsky

Heorton

Feltham

et al. 2015

Journal of Physical Oceanography

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Leads are cracks in sea ice that often form because of deformation. During winter months, leads expose the ocean to the cold atmosphere, resulting in supercooling and the formation of frazil ice crystals within the mixed layer. Here the authors investigate the role of frazil ice formation in leads on the mass balance of the sea ice pack through the incorporation of a new module into the Los Alamos sea ice model (CICE). The frazil ice module considers an initial cooling of leads followed by a steady-state formation of uniformly distributed single size frazil ice crystals that precipitate to the ocean surface as grease ice. The grease ice is pushed against one of the lead edges by wind and water drag that the authors represent through a variable collection thickness for new sea ice. Simulations of the sea ice cover in the Arctic and Antarctic are performed and compared to a model that treats leads the same as the open ocean. The processes of ice formation in the new module slow down the refreezing of leads, resulting in a longer period of frazil ice production. The fraction of frazil-derived sea ice increases from 10% to 50%, corresponding better to observations. The new module has higher ice formation rates in areas of high ice concentration and thus has a greater impact within multiyear ice than it does in the marginal seas. The thickness of sea ice in the central Arctic increases by over 0.5 m, whereas within the Antarctic it remains unchanged.

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Section: A Standard Run Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Impact of Ice Formation in Leads upon the Sea Ice Pack Mass Balance Using a New Frazil and Grease Ice Parameterization

Wilchinsky

Heorton

Feltham

et al. 2015

Journal of Physical Oceanography

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“…The problem associated with the misplacement of the Australian Surface Pressure Bogus Data between 1979 and 1992 has been fixed. Using long-term (1979Á2001) surface and upper-air data from 10 coastal stations in Antarctica, Yu et al (2009) showed that the wintertime surface temperature in NCEP2 is in good agreement with the observed temperature on intraseasonal and interannual timescales. The correlations between NCEP2 and observations in Table 1 also show that NCEP2 describes well surface air temperature in the austral winter semester since 1979.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 62%

The intraseasonal variability of winter semester surface air temperature in Antarctica

Zhang

Zhou

et al. 2011

Polar Research

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“…A thorough understanding of reanalysis performance is necessary in order to (a) choose the reanalysis product most appropriate for the region and variables of interest and (b) quantify uncertainties in results reached by using these reanalyses. Though there are some in‐depth, observationally based, regional evaluations of reanalyses (e.g., Eastern Himalayas, Jin‐Huan et al, ; North Atlantic, Josey, ; Josey et al, ; tropical Pacific, Newman et al, ; Kumar & Hu, ; China, Ma et al, ; Antarctica, Yu et al, ; Ming et al, ), more projects that systematically evaluate and compare reanalysis products for many regions around the globe would help address this need.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Radiation and Clouds From Five Reanalysis Products in the Northeast Pacific Ocean

2018

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Atmospheric reanalyses are valuable tools for studying the atmosphere, as they provide temporally and spatially complete coverage of atmospheric variables. However, some regions are susceptible to large biases in reanalysis products due to the scarce data available to assimilate into the reanalyses. Consequently, evaluation of reanalyses using available measurements is essential for quantifying regional errors. Here we use NASA's CERES satellite estimates to evaluate surface radiative fluxes and total cloud fraction in the Northeast Pacific from five reanalysis products—ERA‐Interim, MERRA2, JRA‐55, NCEP2, and CFSR—from years 2001 to 2015. Results show that biases of surface incident shortwave radiative flux in reanalyses compared to satellite estimates range from 3.8 (CFSR) to 21.2 Wm‐2 (NCEP2), with significant biases in JRA‐55 and NCEP2. Mean surface downward longwave radiative flux in the reanalysis products is biased by −8.9 (MERRA2) to 3.9 Wm−2 (JRA‐55), with significant biases in MERRA2 and NCEP2. Errors in the surface radiative fluxes are partially linked to differences in total cloud fraction in the satellite estimates and reanalyses, which show significant negative biases ranging from −8% (CFSR) to −21.7% (NCEP2). There is not one reanalysis that outperforms the rest in the NE Pacific. The most appropriate data set depends on the variables of interest, subregion of the NE Pacific being studied, time period of interest, and whether the reanalysis data will be used to study long‐term or short‐term climate processes. Using the errors presented for each reanalysis data set can help guide appropriate use and bound uncertainty for the five reanalysis products analyzed.

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Validation of ECMWF and NCEP-NCAR reanalysis data in Antarctica

Cited by 28 publications

References 22 publications

Study of the Impact of Ice Formation in Leads upon the Sea Ice Pack Mass Balance Using a New Frazil and Grease Ice Parameterization

Study of the Impact of Ice Formation in Leads upon the Sea Ice Pack Mass Balance Using a New Frazil and Grease Ice Parameterization

The intraseasonal variability of winter semester surface air temperature in Antarctica

Evaluation of Radiation and Clouds From Five Reanalysis Products in the Northeast Pacific Ocean

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