Validation of chemical analyses of atmospheric deposition on forested sites in Europe: 2. DOC concentration as an estimator of the organic ion charge

Mosello, Rosario; Amoriello, Tiziana; Benham, Sue; Clarke, Nicholas; Derome, John; Derome, Kirsti; Genouw, Gerrit; Koenig, N.; Orrù, Alessandro; Tartari, Gabriele; Thimonier, Anne; Ulrich, Erwin; Lindroos, Antti‐Jussi

doi:10.4081/jlimnol.2008.1

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Regular QA/QC programs evaluate the analytical methods used in the laboratories, the internal quality controls are compared and systematic intercalibration exercises organised (Mosello et al 2002). In particular, within the framework of the Integrated Co-operative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Air Pollution Effects on Forests (UN-ECE/ICP Forests) and the EU/Forest Focus Programme (Regulation 2152/2003), DOC has also been used as an estimator of the organic ion charge in the ion balance test, improving the applicability of the ion balance as a validation criterion for throughfall and stemflow water samples (Mosello et al 2008).…”

Section: Study Area and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of forest type in the variability of DOC in atmospheric deposition at forest plots in Italy

Arisci

Rogora

Marchetto

et al. 2011

Environ Monit Assess

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Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was studied in atmospheric deposition samples collected on a weekly basis in 2005-2009 at 10 forest plots in Italy. The plots covered a wide range of geographical attributes and were representative of the main forest types in Italy. Both spatial and temporal variations in DOC concentrations and fluxes are discussed, with the aim of identifying the main factors affecting DOC variability. DOC concentration increased from bulk to throughfall and stemflow water samples at all sites, as an effect of leaching from leaves and branches, going from 0.7-1.7 mg C L(-1) in bulk samples to 1.8-15.8 mg C L(-1) in throughfall and 4.2-10.7 mg C L(-1) in stemflow, with striking differences among the various plots. Low concentrations were found in runoff (0.5-2.0 mg C L(-1)), showing that the export of DOC via running waters was limited. The seasonality of DOC in throughfall samples was evident, with the highest concentration in summer when biological activity is at a maximum, and minima in winter due to limited DOC production and leaching. Statistical analysis revealed that DOC had a close relationship with organic and total nitrogen, and with nutrient ions, and a negative correlation with precipitation amount. Forest type proved to be a major factor affecting DOC variability: concentration and, to a lesser extent, fluxes were lower in stands dominated by deciduous species. The character of evergreens, and the size and shape of their leaves and needles, which regulate the interception mechanism of dry deposition, are mainly responsible for this.

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Section: Study Area and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of forest type in the variability of DOC in atmospheric deposition at forest plots in Italy

Arisci

Rogora

Marchetto

et al. 2011

Environ Monit Assess

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“…The test can then be used for bulk deposition samples, but not for throughfall, stemflow and soil solutions, where a consistent concentration of organic compounds is expected. The contribution of DOC to the ion balance [9][10][11] can be estimated, but that procedure was not used in this WRT. Alkalinity was assumed to be wholly due to bicarbonate, which is a correct assumption over the pH range 6.0-8.5.…”

Section: Validation Of the Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of QA/QC procedures on non-sampling error in deposition monitoring in forests

et al. 2009

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A Working Ring Test (WRT) was organised in the framework of the EU Regulation (EC) No 2152/2003 ("Forest Focus") and of the UN/ECE Program "ICP Forests" to evaluate the overall performance of the laboratories monitoring atmospheric deposition and soil solution in European Forests. Seven natural samples of atmospheric deposition and soil solutions and 5 synthetic solutions were distributed to 52 laboratories, which analysed them using their routine methods. Thirteen variables are considered in this paper: pH, conductivity, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, ammonium, sulfate, nitrate, chloride, total alkalinity, total dissolved nitrogen and dissolved organic carbon. For each variable, the relative standard deviation of the results was evaluated, after outlier rejection, to estimate the analytical error of the measurements. The results are evaluated considering the Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) procedure included in the ICP Forests monitoring manual: consistency check of the data and use of control charts and internal standards. A Data Quality Objective (DQO) is defined for each of the variables and the number of data meeting the DQOs are discussed in relation to the QA/QC procedures adopted. Although 38% of the results did not meet the DQO, the laboratories adopting QA/QC procedures produced a larger proportion of results meeting the objective and a consistent part of the outliers could be detected a posteriori checking analyses consistence.

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“…The acid load based on the budgets of NH 4 + , H + , Mn 2+ , Al 3+ , Fe 3+ , SO 4 2− , NO 3 − , organic anions (Org − ), Ca 2+ , K + , Mg 2+ , and Na + was calculated for each subplot after Ulrich [26,38]. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was measured in the water samples and converted to Org − , as described in Mosello et al [39] with the updated conversion factor of ICP Forests [40]. P was not included because of uncertainties in the input-output budgeting.…”

Section: Calculation Of Acid-base Budgetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long Term Effects of Forest Liming on the Acid-Base Budget

Greve¹,

Block²,

Schüler³

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

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In Rhineland-Palatinate (Germany), a high percentage of the forest area is located on poor soils with low buffering capacity. Extensive liming applications were performed to compensate for the negative consequences of acid deposition. In 1988, three experimental sites with untreated control plots and different liming treatments were established in coniferous stands to investigate the effectiveness of liming on acidification and its effect on forest ecosystems. Measuring deposition and seepage waters for 24 years allowed for calculating long-term acid-base budgets. The original approach was expanded by data from a detailed sampling of the forest stand and mineral weathering rates. Without liming, the acid load exceeded the buffer capacity by base cation release from silicate weathering during the whole observation period. As a result, there was a high release of aluminum. After liming seepage water output of organic anions, nitrate and sulfate increased in some cases, leading to a higher acid load. However, the carbonates of dolomitic limestone compensated for a higher acid load, resulting in less aluminum released compared to the control plots. Until sulfate output by seepage water declines and nitrogen emissions are reduced, liming and restricted biomass harvesting are required for forest stands on base poor soils to prevent further acidification, decline of nutrient stocks, and the destruction of clay minerals.

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Validation of chemical analyses of atmospheric deposition on forested sites in Europe: 2. DOC concentration as an estimator of the organic ion charge

Cited by 13 publications

References 12 publications

The role of forest type in the variability of DOC in atmospheric deposition at forest plots in Italy

The role of forest type in the variability of DOC in atmospheric deposition at forest plots in Italy

Influence of QA/QC procedures on non-sampling error in deposition monitoring in forests

Long Term Effects of Forest Liming on the Acid-Base Budget

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