Validation of cell voltage and water content in a PEM (polymer electrolyte membrane) fuel cell model using neutron imaging for different operating conditions

Salva, J. Antonio; Iranzo, Alfredo; Rosa, Felipe; Tapia, Elvira

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2016.02.006

Cited by 53 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Liquid saturation in the CL increases when the RH increases (Figures and ). This causes a decrease in the effective diffusion coefficient as the water blocks the pores of the GDL . In fact, by increasing liquid saturation, the mass transfer resistance increases, and therefore the oxygen concentration in the CL decreases.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of an MPL on water and thermal management in a PEMFC

2018

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Summary In this study, the effects of adding a microporous layer (MPL) as well as the impact of its physical properties on polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEMFC) performance with serpentine flow channels were investigated. In addition, numerical simulations were performed to reveal the effect of relative humidity and operating temperature. It is indicated that adding an extra between the gas diffusion layer (GDL) and catalyst layer (CL), a discontinuity in the liquid saturation shows up at their interface because of differences in the wetting properties of the layers. In addition, results show that a higher MPL porosity causes the liquid water saturation to decrease and the cell performance is improved. A larger MPL thickness reduces the cell performance. The effects of MPL on temperature distribution and thermal transport of the membrane prove that the MPL in addition to being a water management layer also improves the thermal management of the PEMFC.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of an MPL on water and thermal management in a PEMFC

2018

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“…1D gas transport along the proton transfer direction is investigated. Similar to the assumptions in many literature [26,27], only diffusive transport occurs in the proton-transfer direction within the GDLs, CLs and membrane. Various gas reactants and water vapor concentrations at the CL could be obtained by considering 1D mass transport normal to the membrane surface.…”

Section: Gas Transportmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…a = a ano + a cat 2 (27) where p sat is the saturation pressure of water at the operating temperature and is expressed as follows [42]:…”

Section: Cell Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Illustrative Case Study on the Performance and Optimization of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

Yuan

Wang

et al. 2019

ChemEngineering

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Modeling is a powerful tool for the design and development of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). This study presents a one-dimensional, two-phase mathematical model of PEMFC to investigate the two-phase transport process, gas species transport flow and water crossover fluxes. The model reduces the computational time for PEMFC design with guaranteed accuracy. Analysis results show that the concentration and activation overpotentials of the cell decrease with the increase of operation pressure, which result in enhanced cell performance. Proper oxygen stoichiometry ratio in the cathode decreases the cell activation overpotential and is favorable for performance improvement. The cell ohmic resistance correspondingly increases with the increase of catalyst layer thickness, which leads to a deteriorated cell performance. The improvement on cell performance could be facilitated by decreasing the membrane thickness. Predicted results show that the present model is a useful tool for the design optimization of practical PEMFCs.

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“…There are several papers showing the potential for using RP methods to fabricate elements for fuel cell with complicated shapes or housing characterised by reduced weight and improved heat dissipation designed for mobile applications such as aviation technology and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) [1,[7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, an efficient balance between generated and removed water is necessary to obtain good performance from a PEMFC. Adequate hydration in the PEM and GDL enables the attainment of higher current values, increasing the power provided by the PEMFC [9].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid prototyping methods for the manufacture of fuel cells

2016

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Abstract. The term rapid prototyping (RP) is widely used to describe technologies which create physical prototypes directly from digital data. The first methods for rapid prototyping became available in the late 1980s and were used to produce models and prototype parts. Three-dimensional (3D) rapid prototyping methods are widely employed in various areas of manufacturing, research, and education. Typical applications include engineering, architecture, and medicine. The present level of technical and commercial demand requires the development of faster and cheaper methodologies for the design and execution of structures. Various techniques based on CAD platforms and rapid prototyping are available. Parts can be produced in a variety of materials: polymers, metal, paper, ceramics, and composites. The RP method also enables the production of prototypes useful for analysing the characteristics of a complex system (e.g. interference between dynamic parts, geometric evaluation, quality, and reliability). RP technologies can produce very complex parts which are impossible or difficult to produce by traditional methods. This paper presents typical applications of rapid prototyping technology for the manufacture of mechanical parts for fuel cells, such as housing parts or bipolar plates which supply reactants (hydrogen to anodes and oxygen to cathodes), conduct electrons from one cell to the next, remove waste heat from cells, and provide mechanical support for cells in a stack. Conventional graphite or composite materials can be replaced by lighter metallic materials characterised by vastly superior manufacturability and cost effectiveness, greater mechanical strength, increased durability and resistance to shock and vibration, and zero permeability. The potential for the application of this method for the manufacture of metallic bipolar plates (BPP) for use in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is presented and discussed. Special attention is paid to the fabrication of light elements for the construction of PEMFC stacks designed for mobile applications such as aviation technology and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).

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Validation of cell voltage and water content in a PEM (polymer electrolyte membrane) fuel cell model using neutron imaging for different operating conditions

Cited by 53 publications

References 31 publications

Effects of an MPL on water and thermal management in a PEMFC

Effects of an MPL on water and thermal management in a PEMFC

Illustrative Case Study on the Performance and Optimization of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

Rapid prototyping methods for the manufacture of fuel cells

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