Validation of causal bridging inferences in discourse understanding*1

Singer, Murray; Halldorson, Michael; Lear, Jeffrey C; Andrusiak, Peter

doi:10.1016/0749-596x(92)90026-t

Cited by 133 publications

(159 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…One current view suggests that forward inferences are minimally drawn and are only marginally represented (or activated) unless subsequent text reinforces the inference (McKoon & Ratcliff, 1992;Singer, Halldorson, Lear, & Andrusiak, 1992). One drawback to this view, as currently developed, is that the general idea of a minimally drawn inference is not firmly specified (e.g., in terms of content, activation,or representation).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What is minimal about predictive inferences?

McDaniel

Schmalhofer

Keefe

2001

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What is minimal about predictive inferences?

McDaniel

Schmalhofer

Keefe

2001

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review

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“…Experiment 6 was conducted to test the possibility that integration of causally related propositions contributes to fluent rereading. Integration of propositions can be seen as a conceptual activity of higher order than building the constituent propositions, inasmuch as integration requires inference making to link related propositions (e.g., Fletcher & Bloom, 1988;Singer, Halldorson, Lear, & Andrusiak, 1992;Trabasso & van den Broek, 1985).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Episodically enhanced comprehension fluency.

Masson¹

1993

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology / Revue canadienne

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Fluent reading comprehension was explored in a series of experiments involving sentences presented in normal and inverted typography. Sentences read in a test phase had been read earlier in exactly the same form, or in versions that were created by (a) altering the word order within sentences to create randomly ordered word strings or (b) exchanging causally related clauses to form new meaningful sentences. Variation from exact repetition of word order or clause combination increased the time taken to read the test sentences and these effects were evident over retention intervals ranging from one day to four months. Varying word order across repeated presentations of a sentence was also shown to reduce reporting accuracy in a rapid serial reading task. These results support an episodic view of the basis for rereading fluency in which comprehension processes responsible for constructing and integrating propositions are automatically recruited and reapplied when a sentence is reread.Resume La facilite de comprehension de textes a fait l'objet d'une serie d'experiences dans lesquelles les sujets devaient lire des phrases dont la typographic etait tantot normale, tantot inversee. Les phrases presentees a l'etape d'essai avaient ete lues auparavant soit sous une forme identique, soit sous une nouvelle forme ou a) l'ordre des mots dans les phrases etait modifie de maniere a creer des suites de mots agences au hasard ou b) les propositions causales etaient combinees autrement pour creer de nouvelles phrases sensees. Lorsque l'ordre des mots ou l'agencement des propositions etait modifie par rapport a celui qui 6tait repete fidelement, le temps de lecture des phrases presentees a l'essai etait plus long, et cet effet se manifestait de facon evidente apres les intervalles de retention allant d'un jour a quatre mois. La presentation repetee d'une meme phrase dans laquelle l'ordre des mots etait modifie avait egalement pour effet de reduire 1'exactitude des reponses donnees pendant une tache de lecture rapide en serie. Les resultats obtenus temoignent des bases episodiques de la facilite de relecture ou les processus de comprehension responsables de la construction et de l'inte'gration des propositions sont automatiquement selectionnes et reactives lors de la relecture d'une phrase.

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“…To substantiate our interpretation of the data in this region in terms of inferences, we should demonstrate that the increase of reading times at the end of the sentence is actually due to inferential processing. As mentioned in the introduction, evidence for making the inference online may be obtained from the combined results of a reading task and a verification task in which the inferential information has to be verified as fast as possible (see also Singer & Halldorson, 1996;Singer, Halldorson, Lear, & Andrusiak, 1992;Singer, Harkness, & Stewart, 1997). The combination of an increase in reading time at the end of the sentence and a decrease in verification time, as a result of the presence of the conjunction, can be interpreted as evidence for online inferential processing.…”

Section: Downloaded By [Mpi Psychiatry] At 02:48 16 November 2011mentioning

confidence: 99%