Validation of blade-resolved computational fluid dynamics for a MW-scale turbine rotor in atmospheric flow

Grinderslev, Christian; Vijayakumar, Ganesh; Ananthan, Shreyas; Sørensen, Niels N.; Zahle, Frederik; Sprague, Michael

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1618/5/052049

Cited by 9 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…For BEM aerodynamics, airfoil data are used, obtained during the original DanAero project through wind tunnel tests and corrected for 3D effects; see Bak et al (2006Bak et al ( , 2011. From Grinderslev et al (2021), it is known that the airfoil data do not capture well the 3D effects and predict an earlier stall than seen in CFD or experiments. In this case, however, the BEM calculations are used for initialization only to get good estimate of the initial bending, and for that reason no further corrections to the airfoil data have been conducted.…”

Section: Hawc2 Modelmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Recently, the code was validated in Grinderslev et al (2020b) for the specific case of the present NM80 rotor in atmospheric laminar flow conditions by comparison with the CFD code Nalu-Wind (Sprague et al, 2019) and measurements from the DanAero experiments. Further, the FSI framework was used in Grinderslev et al (2021) to simulate the coupled effects of the DanAero-inspired laminar wind flow and the structural response.…”

Section: Flow Solvermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Note that communication tables and hole cutting still need an update between disc mesh and background mesh as the latter is static. The disc and rotor grids are similar to the setup used in Grinderslev et al (2021); however in this study the background grid has changed to be suitable for LES simulations by using rectangular cells with low cell stretching in the area of focus.…”

Section: Successor Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the specific rotor, measurements of inflow and blade loading are available for comparison with the computed results. The study is a continuation of Grinderslev et al (2021), where FSI of the NM80 rotor was studied in various flow scenarios with sheared and yawed, albeit laminar, inflow using URANS turbulence modeling. The flow scenario studied here resembles one of these studied laminar scenarios, albeit with turbulent inflow through the novel hybrid turbulence model and an adjusted grid setup.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wind turbines in atmospheric flow: fluid–structure interaction simulations with hybrid turbulence modeling

Grinderslev

Sørensen²,

Horcas

et al. 2021

Wind Energ. Sci.

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Abstract. In order to design future large wind turbines, knowledge is needed about the impact of aero-elasticity on the rotor loads and performance and about the physics of the atmospheric flow surrounding the turbines. The objective of the present work is to study both effects by means of high-fidelity rotor-resolved numerical simulations. In particular, unsteady computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of a 2.3 MW wind turbine are conducted, this rotor being the largest design with relevant experimental data available to the authors. Turbulence is modeled with two different approaches. On one hand, a model using the well-established technique of improved delayed detached eddy simulation (IDDES) is employed. An additional set of simulations relies on a novel hybrid turbulence model, developed within the framework of the present work. It consists of a blend of a large-eddy simulation (LES) model by Deardorff for atmospheric flow and an IDDES model for the separated flow near the rotor geometry. In the same way, the assessment of the influence of the blade flexibility is performed by comparing two different sets of computations. The first group accounts for a structural multi-body dynamics (MBD) model of the blades. The MBD solver was coupled to the CFD solver during run time with a staggered fluid–structure interaction (FSI) scheme. The second set of simulations uses the original rotor geometry, without accounting for any structural deflection. The results of the present work show no significant difference between the IDDES and the hybrid turbulence model. In a similar manner, and due to the fact that the considered rotor was relatively stiff, the loading variation introduced by the blade flexibility was found to be negligible when compared to the influence of inflow turbulence. The simulation method validated here is considered highly relevant for future turbine designs, where the impact of blade elasticity will be significant and the detailed structure of the atmospheric inflow will be important.

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Section: Hawc2 Modelmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Flow Solvermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Successor Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Wind turbines in atmospheric flow: fluid–structure interaction simulations with hybrid turbulence modeling

Grinderslev

Sørensen²,

Horcas

et al. 2021

Wind Energ. Sci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The code has been used extensively for for a range of test cases and was validated in e.g the Mexico project (Bechmann et al, 2011;Sørensen et al, 2016) and for the Phase VI NREL rotor (Sørensen and Schreck, 2014;. Recently, the code was validated in (Grinderslev et al, 2020b) for the specific case of the present NM80 rotor in atmospheric laminar flow conditions by comparison with the CFD code Nalu-Wind (Sprague et al, 2019) and measurements from the DanAero experiments. Further, the FSI framework was used in (Grinderslev et al) to simulate the coupled effects of the DanAero inspired laminar wind flow and the structural response.…”

Section: Flow Solvermentioning

confidence: 99%

Wind turbines in atmospheric flow – FSI simulations with hybrid LES-IDDES turbulence modelling

Grinderslev¹,

Sørensen²,

Horcas³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. In order to design future large wind turbines, knowledge is needed about the impact of aero-elasticity on the rotor loads and performance, and about the physics of the atmospheric flow surrounding the turbines. The objective of the present work is to study both effects by means of high fidelity rotor-resolved numerical simulations. In particular, unsteady computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of a 2.3 MW wind turbine rotor are conducted, this rotor being the largest design with relevant experimental data available to the authors. Turbulence is modeled with two different approaches. On one hand, the well established improved delayed detached eddy simulation (IDDES) model is employed. An additional set of simulations relies on a novel hybrid turbulence model, developed within the framework of the present work. It consists on the blending of a large eddy simulation (LES) model for atmospheric flow by Deardorff with an IDDES model for the separated flow near the rotor geometry. In the same way, the assessment of the influence of the blade flexibility is performed by comparing two different sets of computations. A first group accounts for a structural multi body dynamic (MBD) model of the blades. The MBD solver was coupled to the CFD solver during run time with a staggered fluid structure interaction (FSI) scheme. The second set of simulations uses the original rotor geometry, without accounting for any structural deflection. The results of the present work show no significant difference between the IDDES and the hybrid turbulence model. However, it is expected that future simulations of more complex stratification and longer domains will benefit from the developed hybrid model. In a similar manner, and due to the fact that the considered rotor was relatively stiff, the loading variation introduced by the blade flexibility was found to be negligible when compared to the influence of inflow turbulence. The simulation method validated here is considered highly relevant for future turbine designs, where the impact of blade elasticity will be significant and the detailed structure of the atmospheric inflow will be important.

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Fluid–structure interaction simulations of a wind turbine rotor in complex flows, validated through field experiments

2021

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Aeroelastic simulations of a 2.3 MW wind turbine rotor operating in different complex atmospheric flows are conducted using high fidelity fluid–structure interaction (FSI) simulations. Simpler blade element momentum (BEM) theory based simulations are likewise conducted for comparison, and measurements from field experiments are used for validation of the simulations. Good agreement is seen between simulated and measured forces. It is found that for complex flows, BEM‐based simulations predict similar forces as computational fluid dynamics (CFD)‐based FSI, however with some distinct discrepancies. Firstly, stall is predicted for a large part of the blade using BEM‐based aerodynamics, which are not seen in either FSI simulations or measurements in the case of a high shear. This leads to a more dynamic structural response for BEM‐based simulations than for FSI. For a highly yawed and sheared flow case, the BEM‐based simulations overpredict outboard forces for a significant part of the rotation. This emphasizes the need of validation of BEM‐based simulations through higher fidelity methods, when considering complex flows. Including flexibility in simulations shows only little impact on the considered rotor for both FSI‐ and BEM‐based simulations. In general, the loading of the blades increases slightly, and the rotor wake is almost identical for stiff and flexible FSI simulations.

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Validation of blade-resolved computational fluid dynamics for a MW-scale turbine rotor in atmospheric flow

Cited by 9 publications

References 5 publications

Wind turbines in atmospheric flow: fluid–structure interaction simulations with hybrid turbulence modeling

Wind turbines in atmospheric flow: fluid–structure interaction simulations with hybrid turbulence modeling

Wind turbines in atmospheric flow – FSI simulations with hybrid LES-IDDES turbulence modelling

Fluid–structure interaction simulations of a wind turbine rotor in complex flows, validated through field experiments

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