Validation of an electrometric blood cholinesterase measurement in goats

Application of an Electrometric Method for Measurement of Blood Cholinesterase Activities in Sheep, Goats and Cattle Treated with Organophosphate Insecticides

“…To further demonstrate the practical application of the present electrometric method, the plasma and erythrocytes of the three ruminant species were monitored for ChE inhibition following topical applications of organophosphate insecticides. The present electrometric method described for measurement of blood ChE activities in sheep, goats and cattle depended mainly on a procedure introduced earlier (Mohammad et al., 1997; Al‐Jobory and Mohammad, 2005; Mohammad et al., 2005, 2006). The method has been validated and used for measuring blood and tissue ChE activities of several animal species including the ruminants (Mohammad et al., 1997; Al‐Baggou’ and Mohammad, 1999; Mohammad et al., 2002; Ahmed and Mohammad, 2005; Alias and Mohammad, 2005; Mohammad and Al‐Baggou, 2005; Mohammad et al., 2005, 2006).…”

“…The modified electrometric method of Mohammad et al. (1997) as further described in ruminants (Al‐Jobory and Mohammad, 2005; Mohammad et al., 2005, 2006) was used to measure plasma and erythrocyte ChE activities of the animals. The ChE reaction mixture in a 10‐ml beaker contained 3 ml distilled water, 0.2 ml plasma or erythrocytes and 3 ml barbital‐phosphate buffer solution (pH 8.1).…”

“…The ChE reaction mixture in a 10‐ml beaker contained 3 ml distilled water, 0.2 ml plasma or erythrocytes and 3 ml barbital‐phosphate buffer solution (pH 8.1). The pH of the mixture (pH1) was measured with a glass electrode using a pH meter (Hanna Instruments, Cluj‐Napoca, Romania), then 0.1 ml of 7.5% aqueous solution of acetylthiocholine iodide (BDH, Poole, UK) was added to the reaction mixture, which was then incubated at 37°C for 30 min in sheep, 40 min in goats and 20 min in cattle (Al‐Jobory and Mohammad, 2005; Mohammad et al., 2005, 2006). At the end of the incubation period, the pH of the reaction mixture (pH2) was measured.…”

“…However, the method has not been applied clinically in ruminants treated by anti‐ChE insecticides and field results are not known. The purpose of the present study was to further validate the electrometric method described earlier in sheep (Mohammad et al., 1997) and other ruminants (Al‐Jobory and Mohammad, 2005; Mohammad et al., 2005, 2006) and to determine its use for detecting in vivo ChE inhibition in sheep, goats and cattle by the anti‐ChE organophosphate insecticides malathion and diazinon. These insecticides are relatively of low toxicity to domesticated animals (Osweiler et al., 1985).…”

“…Normal reference values of plasma and erythrocyte ChE activities of sheep, goats and cattle are reported by using the above mentioned electrometric method (Mohammad et al., 2005). Using in vitro inhibition of ruminant blood ChE by organophosphate and carbamate insecticides, the electrometric method was effective in detecting various degrees of ChE inhibitions (Mohammad et al., 1997; Al‐Jobory and Mohammad, 2005; Mohammad et al., 2006). However, the method has not been applied clinically in ruminants treated by anti‐ChE insecticides and field results are not known.…”