Validation of an analytical method to quantify the permeation and penetration of flurbiprofen into human pharynx tissue

Turner, R. S.; Wevrett, Sean Robert; Edmunds, Suzanne; Brown, Marc; Atkinson, Robert; Shea, Tim

doi:10.1002/bmc.4499

Cited by 4 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Thus, this ex vivo model was specifically designed to represent a clinical scenario as much as possible. 35 The full-thickness pharynx mucosal tissue consisting of epithelial, basement membrane, and lamina propria from human cadavers was used. This is one of the strengths of this investigation compared with an in vitro synthetic model or other animal tissue; the use of human tissue would match more closely the permeation of flurbiprofen in vivo and the architecture of the pharynx tissue would remain intact.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Franz diffusion cells were utilized due to their routine application in transdermal drug delivery research/membrane penetration experiments, and the availability of specific methodology using Franz diffusion cells for the quantitation of flurbiprofen penetration through human pharynx tissue. 35 Several studies have shown that flurbiprofen is absorbed across the cells of the buccal mucosa. 29,30 Pharmacokinetic studies show that flurbiprofen is absorbed via the buccal cavity from 1 min 30 and is still detectable in the mouth and oropharyngeal region at 120 mins post dose.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following the permeation experiment, flurbiprofen was then recovered from the surface and within the pharynx tissue using extraction fluid, as described previously. 35 Three cotton swabs were used to recover flurbiprofen from the surface of the human pharynx tissue. The donor compartment was dismantled, and one dry cotton swab was used to remove any remaining flurbiprofen from the surface of the human pharynx tissue; a second cotton swab was immersed into extraction fluid and was used to swab the surface of the human pharynx tissue; a final dry swab was then used to swab the surface of the human pharynx tissue.…”

Section: Permeation and Penetration Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[31][32][33][34] Specific methodology has been developed utilizing Franz diffusion cells to quantify flurbiprofen penetration through human pharynx tissue using a validated high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. 35 Although the extent of penetration into the pharynx tissue has not yet been determined, the rapid onset of action of flurbiprofen spray and lozenge suggests they may work locally. 16,[19][20][21] The aim of this investigation, therefore, was to quantify the permeation and penetration of locally delivered flurbiprofen 8.75 mg spray and lozenge formulations into full-thickness human mucosal pharynx tissue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The validation of the HPLC method and development of the receiver fluid and extraction method and fluid have been reported previously. 35…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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<p>Determination of the Permeation and Penetration of Flurbiprofen into Cadaveric Human Pharynx Tissue</p>

Turner¹,

Wevrett²,

Edmunds³

et al. 2020

CPAA

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Objective: Flurbiprofen 8.75 mg spray and lozenge have a rapid onset of action for sore throat relief, suggesting local action, although tissue penetration and the mechanism of local relief have not been determined. This investigation aimed to quantify the permeation and penetration of flurbiprofen, applied as local pharmaceutical forms, into full-thickness cadaveric human mucosal pharynx tissue, representing the clinical scenario as far as possible. Methods: A validated high-performance liquid chromatography method quantified the permeation and penetration of flurbiprofen (spray and lozenge formulations) into human cadaveric pharynx tissue using a micro Franz cell model mimicking physiological and anatomical conditions. Full-thickness mucosal pharynx tissue, consisting of oral epithelium, basement membrane, and lamina propria, was utilized to imitate the in vivo setting. Flurbiprofen was analyzed on the surface of the pharynx tissue, within the pharynx tissue and in receiver fluid, over 60 mins. Results: Flurbiprofen was detected in receiver fluid from 10 mins following spray application and was quantifiable from 20 mins. Flurbiprofen from lozenge was detected from 10 mins and was above the limit of quantitation in receiver fluid from 40 mins. Flurbiprofen recovered from the surface of the pharynx tissue was 24.45% and 8.48% of applied dose for spray and lozenge, respectively. Flurbiprofen recovered within pharynx tissue was 46.50% and 54.65% of applied dose for spray and lozenge, respectively. For flurbiprofen lozenge, recovery within pharynx tissue was 6-fold higher relative to recovery from the pharynx tissue surface. Conclusion: Flurbiprofen from spray and lozenge formulations penetrated human cadaveric pharynx tissue, indicating that flurbiprofen can reach all layers of the pharynx mucosal tissue, including the underlying lamina propria, which contains blood vessels and nerve fibers that contribute to pain during sore throat. This suggests that flurbiprofen may have a local mechanism of action for sore throat, although this has yet to be determined.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Permeation and Penetration Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The validation of the HPLC method and development of the receiver fluid and extraction method and fluid have been reported previously. 35…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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<p>Determination of the Permeation and Penetration of Flurbiprofen into Cadaveric Human Pharynx Tissue</p>

Turner¹,

Wevrett²,

Edmunds³

et al. 2020

CPAA

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Development of a reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of propranolol in different skin layers

Cunha-Filho

Rocha

Duarte

et al. 2020

Biomedical Chromatography

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The aim of this work was to develop and validate an analytical method using HPLC for the determination of propranolol in the different layers of the skin to be used in kinetic studies of skin permeation. The development of the method was based on the suitability of the chromatogram, and the validation followed the international health regulation for bioanalytical methods. In addition, the method was tested in an in vitro permeation assay using porcine skin. The drug was determined using an RP‐C18 column at 30°C, a mobile phase comprising acidic aqueous phase:acetonitrile (75:25 v/v), at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min−1, and UV detection at 290 nm. The method was demonstrated to be selective against skin contaminants, linear in a wide range of concentrations (3–20 μg mL−1), sensitive enough to quantify less than 0.1% of the drug dosage in skin matrices, and precise regardless of analysis variations such as day of analysis, analyst, or equipment. In addition, the method presented a high drug extraction capacity greater than 90% for all skin layers (stratum corneum, hair follicle, and remaining skin). Finally, the method was successfully tested in skin permeation assays, proving its value in the development of topical formulations containing propranolol.

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Flurbiprofen in the subglottic space to prevent postoperative sore throat after cardiac surgery: A randomized double-blind study

Calabrese,

Arlotta,

Antoniucci

et al. 2024

Journal of Clinical Anesthesia

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Validation of an analytical method to quantify the permeation and penetration of flurbiprofen into human pharynx tissue

Cited by 4 publications

References 22 publications

<p>Determination of the Permeation and Penetration of Flurbiprofen into Cadaveric Human Pharynx Tissue</p>

<p>Determination of the Permeation and Penetration of Flurbiprofen into Cadaveric Human Pharynx Tissue</p>

Development of a reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of propranolol in different skin layers

Flurbiprofen in the subglottic space to prevent postoperative sore throat after cardiac surgery: A randomized double-blind study

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