Validation of an accelerometer for determination of muscle belly radial displacement

Abstract

A commercial variable-capacitance micromachined accelerometer was validated for muscle belly radial displacement measurement. The displacement was calculated by the acceleration data being integrated twice and was compared with the results obtained simultaneously by an accurate mechanical displacement sensor based on an optical encoder. The aim of the investigation was to evaluate the accuracy and precision of an accelerometer for tensiomyography, which is a method for the detection of skeletal muscle contractile properties on the basis of muscle belly radial displacement. A hundred measurements at a bandwidth of 2300 Hz were performed. It was shown that the accuracy and precision in determination of the maximum displacement and the time of the maximum displacement from the calculated curve were satisfactory, in spite of the standard deviation of the twice-integrated acceleration growing approximately linearly with time. The results were accurate enough since the elapsed time from the beginning of the integration was small (less than 75 ms). The measured maximum displacement ranges were between 9.2 and 10.2 mm. The mean relative error was less than 1% (SD = 0.02mm) for the maximum displacement and about 1% (SD = 0.6 ms) for the time to maximum displacement. The accuracy of the half-relaxation time determination was more uncertain because of the relatively high relative error of -2.4% (SD = 3 ms). Results showed that a commercial micromachined accelerometer could be suitable for the measurement of muscle belly radial displacement and used for development of a future miniaturised and flexible system for the measurement of similar displacements.

Two-dimensional spatial distribution of surface mechanomyographical response to single motor unit activity

“…Since muscle fibers can be modeled as liquid filled cylinders (Gordon and Holbourn, 1948), their shortening causes an increase in diameter, which thus produces transversal pressure waves that deform muscle surface (Orizio et al, 1999). Pressure waves generated by activation of the muscle fibers can be detected at the skin surface with for instance microphones (Watakabe et al, 2001;Yoshitake et al, 2002) or accelerometers (Akataki et al, 1999;Zagar and Krizaj, 2005).…”

Tensiomyography in Physical Rehabilitation of High Level Athletes

“…According to a brief review of several studies on Tensiomyography published in scientific journals, the main studies aimed the following dimensions: (i) comparison with other methods of measurement (histioquimics, [1]; electromyography, [2]; (ii) validation of the method TMG [3]; (iii) time factor, age [4]; (iv) implementation of TMG in the sports [5]; (v) understanding of the phenomenon fatigue [6,7] and; (vi) medical aspects of the implementation of TMG [8][9][10].…”

MECHANOMYOGRAPHIC SENSOR - A Triaxial Accelerometry Approach

“…In order to assess the correct operation, the signals generated were analysed in an FFT-based LabVIEW™ program. The program used a 40Hz low-pass Butterworth filter since the MMG signal energy is primarily comprised below 50Hz (Zagar & Krizaj, 2005). Figure 2 presents the assessment test equipment, a PASCO™ digital function PI-9587C connected to a mechanical wave driver SF-9324.…”