Validation of a Swahili version of the World Health Organization 5-item well-being index among adults living with HIV and epilepsy in rural coastal Kenya

Abstract

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the World Health Organization’s five item well-being index (WHO-5) when administered to adults living with HIV or epilepsy in a rural setting at the coast of Kenya.MethodsA case control study design was conducted among 230 adults aged 18–50 years, who comprised 147 cases (63 living with epilepsy and 84 living with HIV) and 83 healthy controls. The participants were administered to a face-to-face interview during which they completed the Swahili version of WHO-5 well-being index, the Major Depression Inventory (MDI) and responded to some items on their socio-demographic characteristics. Analysis to assess internal consistency, construct validity, discriminant validity, and convergent validity of the Swahili version of WHO-5 well-being index was conducted. A multivariate regression was carried out to assess the association between psychological wellbeing (assessed using Swahili version of WHO-5 well-being index) and having a chronic illness (HIV or epilepsy).ResultsThe Swahili version of WHO-5 well-being index demonstrated good internal consistency with Cronbach alpha ranges of 0.86–0.88 among the three study groups. The tool had good discriminant validity. A one factor structure of the tool was obtained from confirmatory factor analysis (overall Comparative Fit Index = 1.00, Tuckler Lewis Index = 1.01, Root Mean Square of Error Approximation = 0.00). Living with HIV or epilepsy in comparison to being a healthy control was significantly associated with greater odds of having sub-optimal psychological wellbeing.ConclusionOur findings demonstrate that the Swahili version of WHO-5 well-being index has good psychometric properties and is appropriate for use to evaluate psychological well-being among adults living with chronic conditions such as HIV or epilepsy from a rural low resource setting in Kenya. Given its brevity and ease of use, the Swahili version of WHO-5 well-being index could potentially be used by lay workers and other paraprofessional to monitor psychological well-being among chronically ill adults in resource poor settings.

Validation of the Bangla WHO-5 Well-being Index

“…Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) of the items yielded a one-factor structure for the Bangla version of the WHO-5 Well-being Index suggesting a consistent finding with the previous studies (Awata et al ., 2007; De Wit et al ., 2007; De Souza and Hidalgo, 2011; Hajos et al ., 2013; Mortazavi et al ., 2015; Chongwo et al ., 2018; Dadfar et al ., 2018). Of the five items, the first four items showed a loading value above 0.60 while the remaining items showed a value of 0.500.…”

Validez e invariancia factorial del Índice de Bienestar General (WHO-5 WBI) en universitarios peruanos

“…En términos de la evidencia de validez basada en el constructo, los resultados indican que la estructura unidimensional del who-5 wbi reportada en la literatura internacional se reproduce en la muestra de universitarios peruanos (18,(21)(22)(23)(24)26,39). Sin embargo, los hallazgos también apoyan la presencia de covarianzas de errores de los ítems 1 (Me he sentido alegre y de buen ánimo) y 4 (Me he levantado sintiéndome bien y descansado) en el modelo unidimensional.…”

“…Así, se brinda evidencia empírica de confiabilidad satisfactoria, que es superior a lo reportado por Campo-Arias et al, pero inferior a lo señalado por Simancas-Pallares et al (19,25). Otros estudios han indicado mayores estimaciones de la confiabilidad de las puntuaciones; pero mediante el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach (18,24,39,44,45).…”

Applicability and cross-cultural validation of the Chinese version of the Warwick-Edinburgh mental well-being scale in patients with chronic heart failure

“…In the present study, all the measures were self-administered. The five-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5) [46] is a scale that evaluates general well-being over the previous 2 weeks. Each item ranges from 0 (at no time) to 5 (all of the time), with the total score ranging from 0 to 25.…”