“…After reviewing the available literature, the following risk factors for pneumonia due to DRPs were identified and included in the data collection: prior antibiotic use (3,16,28,29,31,32,(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42), prior hospitalization (an inpatient stay of more than 48 h) (16, 31-33, 37, 39-41, 43-46), residence in a long-term-care facility (including facilities providing long-term acute care and facilities providing skilled nursing care and inpatient rehabilitation but not assisted living or group home facilities) (16,29,31,33,37,38,40,44,45,47), tube feeding (nasogastric/jejunal feeding or feeding via a percutaneous gastrostomy tube) (3,31,32,41), chronic lung disease (defined as chronic obstructive, interstitial, or other structural disease, including bronchiectasis but excluding cystic fibrosis) (17,29,31,38,39,42,44,45), immunosuppression (by daily treatment with systemic corticosteroids consisting of Ն15 mg prednisone; with immunomodulating agents, such as calcineurin inhibitors and mycophenolic acid, or with biologic agents, such as rituximab and tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, or because of heritable immunodeficiency, such as common variable immune deficiency; active hematologic or myeloproliferative malignancy; neutropenia [absolute neutrophil count, Ͻ1,000 cells/l]; or a CD4 count of Ͻ200 cells/l in patients with HIV infection or AIDS) (31,32,…”