Validation of a new experimental model for assessing drug efficacy against infection with Trypanosoma equiperdum in horses

Hébert, Laurent; Guitton, Édouard; Madeline, Anthony; Géraud, Tristan; Carnicer, D.; Lakhdar, Latifa; Pitel, Pierre‐Hugues; Coste, Margaux; Laloy, Eve; Giraudet, Aude; Zientara, Stéphan; Büscher, Philippe; Laugier, Claire; Hans, Aymeric; Pétry, Sandrine; Cauchard, Julien

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2018.10.005

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…For each horse, blood samples were taken every 2–4 days post‐infection. Blood parasitemia (blue dots), relative number of parasites observed in the CSF (boxed signs) and serological titre (red line) were previously determined (Hébert, Guitton, Madeline, Géraud, Carnicer, et al, 2018; Hébert, Guitton, Madeline, Géraud, Zientara, et al, 2018). Cycle threshold (Ct) values were obtained after a two‐step RT‐qPCR and are shown by the black line graph ( n = 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Serum samples from five Welsh pony mares ( Equus caballus) , referred as H2, H3, H5, H7, H10 and H11, previously described (Hébert, Guitton, Madeline, Géraud, Carnicer, et al, 2018; Hébert, Guitton, Madeline, Géraud, Zientara, et al, 2018), were used. Briefly, these horses, initially seronegative for Trypanozoon infection of equids, were infected with different infectious doses of T. equiperdum strain Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute (OVI), either intravaginally or intravenously (see Table 1 for details).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular detection of 7SL‐derived small RNA is a promising alternative for trypanosomosis diagnosis

Verney

Grey

Lemans

et al. 2020

Transbound. Emerg. Dis.

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Equine trypanosomosis comprises different parasitic diseases caused by protozoa of the subgenus Trypanozoon: Trypanosoma equiperdum (causative agent of dourine), Trypanosoma brucei (nagana) and Trypanosoma evansi (surra). Due to the absence of a vaccine and the lack of efficacy of the few available drugs, these diseases represent How to cite this article: Verney M, Grey F, Lemans C, et al. Molecular detection of 7SL-derived small RNA is a promising alternative for trypanosomosis diagnosis.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular detection of 7SL‐derived small RNA is a promising alternative for trypanosomosis diagnosis

Verney

Grey

Lemans

et al. 2020

Transbound. Emerg. Dis.

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“…Typical, but not pathognomonic, are pyrexia, anaemia, ventral and genital oedema, urticarial plaques, conjunctivitis and keratitis, etc. [5, 28, 46–48]. In the neurological phase of infection with T. brucei , T. equiperdum or T. evansi , ataxia and paralysis of the hind quarter and lips usually precede death.…”

Section: Clinical Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Equine trypanosomosis: enigmas and diagnostic challenges

et al. 2019

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Equine trypanosomosis is a complex of infectious diseases called dourine, nagana and surra. It is caused by several species of the genus Trypanosoma that are transmitted cyclically by tsetse flies, mechanically by other haematophagous flies, or sexually. Trypanosoma congolense (subgenus Nannomonas ) and T. vivax (subgenus Dutonella ) are genetically and morphologically distinct from T. brucei , T. equiperdum and T. evansi (subgenus Trypanozoon ). It remains controversial whether the three latter taxa should be considered distinct species. Recent outbreaks of surra and dourine in Europe illustrate the risk and consequences of importation of equine trypanosomosis with infected animals into non-endemic countries. Knowledge on the epidemiological situation is fragmentary since many endemic countries do not report the diseases to the World Organisation for Animal Health, OIE. Other major obstacles to the control of equine trypanosomosis are the lack of vaccines, the inability of drugs to cure the neurological stage of the disease, the inconsistent case definition and the limitations of current diagnostics. Especially in view of the ever-increasing movement of horses around the globe, there is not only the obvious need for reliable curative and prophylactic drugs but also for accurate diagnostic tests and algorithms. Unfortunately, clinical signs are not pathognomonic, parasitological tests are not sufficiently sensitive, serological tests miss sensitivity or specificity, and molecular tests cannot distinguish the taxa within the Trypanozoon subgenus. To address the limitations of the current diagnostics for equine trypanosomosis, we recommend studies into improved molecular and serological tests with the highest possible sensitivity and specificity. We realise that this is an ambitious goal, but it is dictated by needs at the point of care. However, depending on available treatment options, it may not always be necessary to identify which trypanosome taxon is responsible for a given infection.

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“…), and tested positive also at IFAT 3 days later (17 days p.i.). Hébert et al 29 carried out experimentally infections on horses to validate a model for assessing drug efficacy against T. equiperdum infection: 9 horses, intravenously inoculated with OVI T. equiperdum (dose 5 × 10 4 trypanosomes/animal), became seropositive at CFT after 7-9 days p.i., while among 3 horses intravaginally infected with different doses of the parasite, only one became positive at CFT at day 23 p.i.. In a work of Hagos et al 5 6 stallions were intravenously infected with T. equiperdum Dodola 834/940 strain (dose 50,000 parasites/ ml); seroconversion was observed after 32 days p.i.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humoral immune response and delayed-type hypersensitivity in rabbits infected with Trypanosoma equiperdum

Febo

Krasteva

Bonfini

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Trypanosoma equiperdum is the causative agent of dourine, a parasitic venereal disease of equids. In this work, rabbits were infected with T. equiperdum strain OVI; serological tests (complement fixation test, ELISA and immunoblotting), used for the diagnosis of dourine in horses, were applied to study rabbit humoral immune response and to characterise T. equiperdum antigen pattern recognised by antibodies from infected rabbits. Moreover a protein extract of T. equiperdum strain OVI was produced and tested in skin tests on infected rabbits to detect the cell-mediated response induced by T. equiperdum, in order to evaluate its use in the field diagnosis of dourine. Sera of infected rabbits recognized in immunoblotting Trypanosoma protein bands with molecular weight below 37 kDa, providing a serological response comparable with that already observed in dourine infected horses. Moreover the trypanosome protein extract was capable to produce in vivo delayed-type hypersensitivity (DHT Type IV) in rabbits and proved itself to be non-toxic and non-sensitizing.

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Validation of a new experimental model for assessing drug efficacy against infection with Trypanosoma equiperdum in horses

Cited by 9 publications

References 20 publications

Molecular detection of 7SL‐derived small RNA is a promising alternative for trypanosomosis diagnosis

Molecular detection of 7SL‐derived small RNA is a promising alternative for trypanosomosis diagnosis

Equine trypanosomosis: enigmas and diagnostic challenges

Humoral immune response and delayed-type hypersensitivity in rabbits infected with Trypanosoma equiperdum

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