Validation of a high-resolution X-ray computed tomography system to measure murine adipose tissue depot mass in situ and longitudinally

Hildebrandt, Audrey L.; Kelly-Sullivan, Dawn; Black, Shawn C.

doi:10.1016/s1056-8719(02)00208-3

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Two sets of reconstructed images per scan were generated for each mouse for the determination of individual fat depot mass. User-defined placement of reconstruction slices was relative to defined anatomical sites (i.e., vertebral segments) (33). The first set of reconstructed images, consisting of six slices (intervertebral segments lumbar 6 and 7 through sacral 4 to caudal 1), provided a montage for the analysis of inguinal and epididymal adipose tissue depots.…”

Section: Construction Of Akt2 Targeting Vector and Akt2 -/-Animal Genmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe diabetes, age-dependent loss of adipose tissue, and mild growth deficiency in mice lacking Akt2/PKBβ

Garofalo¹,

Orena²,

Rafidi³

et al. 2003

J. Clin. Invest.

113

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The serine/threonine kinase Akt/PKB plays key roles in the regulation of cell growth, survival, and metabolism. It remains unclear, however, whether the functions of individual Akt/PKB isoforms are distinct. To investigate the function of Akt2/PKBβ, mice lacking this isoform were generated. Both male and female Akt2/PKBβ-null mice exhibit mild growth deficiency and an age-dependent loss of adipose tissue or lipoatrophy, with all observed adipose depots dramatically reduced by 22 weeks of age. Akt2/PKBβ-deficient mice are insulin resistant with elevated plasma triglycerides. In addition, Akt2/PKBβ-deficient mice exhibit fed and fasting hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, glucose intolerance, and impaired muscle glucose uptake. In males, insulin resistance progresses to a severe form of diabetes accompanied by pancreatic β cell failure. In contrast, female Akt2/PKBβ-deficient mice remain mildly hyperglycemic and hyperinsulinemic until at least one year of age. Thus, Akt2/PKBβ-deficient mice exhibit growth deficiency similar to that reported previously for mice lacking Akt1/PKBα, indicating that both Akt2/PKBβ and Akt1/PKBα participate in the regulation of growth. The marked hyperglycemia and loss of pancreatic β cells and adipose tissue in Akt2/PKBβ-deficient mice suggest that Akt2/PKBβ plays critical roles in glucose metabolism and the development or maintenance of proper adipose tissue and islet mass for which other Akt/PKB isoforms are unable to fully compensate.This article was published online in advance of the print edition. The date of publication is available from the JCI website, http://www.jci.org.

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Section: Construction Of Akt2 Targeting Vector and Akt2 -/-Animal Genmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe diabetes, age-dependent loss of adipose tissue, and mild growth deficiency in mice lacking Akt2/PKBβ

Garofalo¹,

Orena²,

Rafidi³

et al. 2003

J. Clin. Invest.

113

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“…In order to provide a quantitative measure of whole-body composition in animals, the DEXA technique is readily available [43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53] yet precision differs with instrument, species, software, and the methods employed [54]. MRI [55] and QCT [56] have potential to determine spatial properties of body fat. MRS has also been employed to measure whole-body fat and water content of mice [57].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative magnetic resonance (QMR) method for bone and whole-body-composition analysis

Taicher

Tinsley

Reiderman

et al. 2003

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

236

195

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in bone tissue there is a strong correlation between hydrogen NMR signal and bone-mineral density as measured by X-ray. QMR provides a very precise, accurate, fast, and easy to use method for determining fat and lean mass of mice without the need for anesthesia. Its ability to detect differences and monitor changes in body composition in mice with great precision should be of great value in characterizing phenotypes and studying drugs affecting obesity.

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“…The intravenous glucose tolerance test was conducted before and after 15 weeks of WD. At 08.00 hours, after a 15-18 h overnight fast, blood samples were collected at 210 min, immediately before (0 min) the intravenous infusion of glucose (0·3 g/kg of body weight, 30 % glucose solution, over 1 min), and 2, 3, 4, 5,6,8,10,12,15,18,20,25,30,35,40,60,70,80, 100, 120, 140, 160, 180 and 240 min after the end of the glucose infusion to assay glucose and insulin concentrations. Plasma glucose was measured in duplicate by an automated spectrophotometric method (Konélab 20i; ThermoFisher Scientific, Rockford, IL, USA).…”

Section: Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

A computed tomography scan application to evaluate adiposity in a minipig model of human obesity

et al. 2010

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The aim of the present study was to describe and validate a computed tomography (CT) method to analyse adiposity distribution in Göttingen minipigs. Adiposity was evaluated in two groups of minipigs. In group 1 (n 8), measurements were performed before and after the induction of obesity. In group 2 (n 7), animals were fed rations designed to obtain heterogeneous adiposity before analyses. CT acquisitions were associated with anatomical, ultrasonography and body chemical measurements. Our CT method was based on acquisition of a single slice at a fixed anatomical landmark, calculation of individual X-ray density ranges for CT values and delineation of the three main adipose compartments (subcutaneous adipose tissue, SAT; retroperitoneal adipose tissue, RAT; and visceral adipose tissue, VAT). Our validation measures showed that the CT-scan method was accurate, sensitive and reliable. The CT data were found to be correlated with body weight, abdominal perimeter, ultrasonography, anatomical measurements and body chemical composition (from r 0·84 to 0·93, P,0·001 for all), with a pitfall concerning the precise estimation of VAT. With increased body weight, the amount of adipose tissue increased and the relative proportion of SAT increased, whereas the relative proportion of RAT and VAT decreased (P,0·001 for all). Adiposity measured by CT, and especially SAT, was found to be negatively correlated with insulin sensitivity (r 0·54, P,0·05). In conclusion, a precise evaluation of the adipose compartments in minipigs was done by CT. Therefore, the use of Göttingen minipigs is relevant to further investigate the relationship between the different adipose tissues and obesity.

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Validation of a high-resolution X-ray computed tomography system to measure murine adipose tissue depot mass in situ and longitudinally

Cited by 17 publications

References 11 publications

Severe diabetes, age-dependent loss of adipose tissue, and mild growth deficiency in mice lacking Akt2/PKBβ

Severe diabetes, age-dependent loss of adipose tissue, and mild growth deficiency in mice lacking Akt2/PKBβ

Quantitative magnetic resonance (QMR) method for bone and whole-body-composition analysis

A computed tomography scan application to evaluate adiposity in a minipig model of human obesity

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