Validation of a full body finite element model (THUMS) for running-type impacts to the lower extremity

Schinkel-Ivy, Alison; Altenhof, William; Andrews, David M.

doi:10.1080/10255842.2012.672562

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…keeping the sum of internal, kinetic, sliding, hourglass, system damping, and rigid wall energies within an acceptable range. According to the literature consulted, this acceptable range should be around a 5% of the total global energy 45 , 46 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of the fracture energy on the finite element simulation in Ti6Al4V alloy machining

Gamboa

Andersson

Svensson

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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One of the main problems that exists when working with Finite Element Methods (FEM) applied to machining processes is the lack of adequate experimental data for simulating the material properties. Moreover, for damage models based on fracture energy, the correct selection of the energy value is critical for the chip formation process. It is usually difficult to obtain the fracture energy values and requires complex tests. In this work, an analysis of the influence of this fracture energy on the cutting force and the chip generation process has been carried out for different sets of cutting parameters. The aim is to present an empirical relationship, that allows selecting the fracture energy based on the cutting force and cutting parameters. The work is based on a FEM model of an orthogonal turning process for Ti6Al4V alloy using Abaqus/Explicit and the fracture energy empirical relation. This work shows that it is necessary to adjust the fracture energy for each combination of cutting conditions, to be able to fit the experimental results. The cutting force and the chip geometry are analyzed, showing how the developed model adapts to the experimental results. It shows that as the cutting speed and the feed increase, the fracture energy value that best adapts to the model decreases. The evolution shows a more pronounced decrease related to the feed increment and high cutting speed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of the fracture energy on the finite element simulation in Ti6Al4V alloy machining

Gamboa

Andersson

Svensson

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This was achieved by ensuring that the total energy equals the sum of internal, kinetic, sliding, hourglass, system damping and rigid wall energies. 5,44 Since hourglass control was implemented, a specific analysis of the hourglass energy was conducted to confirm that it did not contribute more than 10% to the total energy. 5,45,46 Similarly, the sliding energy was also investigated, as negative sliding energies are undesirable.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,45,46 Similarly, the sliding energy was also investigated, as negative sliding energies are undesirable. 5,44 Finally, a mass scaling technique was employed, and, therefore, an analysis of the total added mass to the system was conducted. 5 The mass added specifically to the bone components was also monitored to ensure that excessive mass was not added that could affect the structure and stiffness of these components.…”

Section: Energy Balance Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and validation of a distal radius finite element model to simulate impact loading indicative of a forward fall

Burkhart

Quenneville

Dunning

et al. 2014

Proc Inst Mech Eng H

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The purpose of this work was to develop and validate a finite element model of the distal radius to simulate impact loading. Eight-node hexahedral meshes of the bone and impactor components were created. Three separate impact events were simulated by altering the impact velocity assigned to the model projectile (pre-fracture, crack and fracture). Impact forces and maximum and minimum principal strains were calculated and used in the validation process by comparing with previously collected experimental data. Three measures of mesh quality (Jacobians, aspect ratios and orthogonality) and four validation methods (validation metric, error assessment, fracture comparisons and ensemble averages) assessed the model. The element Jacobians, aspect ratios and orthogonality measures ranged from 0.08 to 12, 1.1 to 26 and -70° to 80°, respectively. The force and strain validation metric ranged from 0.10 to 0.54 and 0.35 to 0.67, respectively. The estimated peak axial force was found to be a maximum of 28.5% greater than the experimental (crack) force, and all forces fell within ±2 standard deviation of the mean experimental fracture forces. The predicted strains were found to differ by a mean of 33% across all impact events, and the model was found to accurately predict the location and severity of bone damage. Overall, the model presented here is a valid representation of the distal radius subjected to impact.

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“…Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc. and Toyota Motor Corporation jointly developed a whole human body FE model named THUMS (Total HUman Model for Safety) to predict kinematics and injuries of occupants or pedestrians during various crash situations seen in traffic accidents and reported on the applicability of the model [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] . A human body FE model used in this study was developed based on the THUMS Version 3 34 by incorporating 282 individual muscle models of the whole body into the THUMS to investigate effect of muscle activity on kinematics and injuries of the whole body [35][36][37] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of posterior tethers on the biomechanics of proximal junctional kyphosis: The whole human finite element model analysis

Yagi

Nakahira

Watanabe

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Little is known about the effects of posterior tethers on the development of proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK). We evaluated the ability of posterior tethers to the proximal motion segment stiffness in long instrumented spinal instrumentation and fusion using a whole body human FE model. A series of finite element (FE) analysis of long segmental spinal fusion (SF) from the upper thoracic vertebra (T1) or lower thoracic vertebra (T9) to the sacrum with pedicle screws and rods were performed using an entire human body FE model (includes 234,910 elements), and compressive stresses (CS) on the anterior column, and tensile stresses (TS) on the posterior ligamentous complex (PLC) in the upper-instrumented vertebra (UIV) and the vertebra adjacent to the UIV (UIV + 1) were evaluated with posterior tethers or without posterior tethers. The models were tested at three T1 tilts (0, 20, 40 deg.), with 20% muscle contraction. Deformable material models were assigned to all body parts. Muscle-tendon complexes were modeled by truss elements with a Hill-type muscle material model. The CS of anterior column decreased with increasing T1 slope with tethers in both models, while the CS remained relatively large in T9 model compared with T1 model (T1 UIV; 0.96 to 1.56 MPa, T9 UIV; 4.79 to 5.61 MPa). The TS of the supraspinous ligament was markedly reduced in both T1 and T9 models with posterior tethers (11-35%). High vertebral CS on UIV and UIV + 1 were seen in the T9 UIV model, and the TS on the PLC were increased in both UIV models. Posterior tethers may decrease PJK development after SF with a proximal thoracic UIV, while both posterior tethers and vertebral augmentation may be necessary to reduce PJK development with a lower thoracic UIV. Proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) is a common but devastating complication after corrective spine surgery for spinal deformity, especially in patients with pre-existing low bone mineral density (BMD) 1-7. The incidence of PJK after corrective spine surgery for adult spinal deformity (ASD) is 36-50% in most recent reports 1-7. In these studies, 10-41% of the patients required revision surgery due to intolerable pain, difficulty of forward gazing, or paralysis 2,4-6. Several studies have examined the causes and risk factors for this postoperative complication 1-7. A large preoperative sagittal malalignment, large pelvic tilt, and large surgical restoration of lumbar lordosis are spinal-alignment-related risk factors for PJK development, while destruction of the soft tissue and low BMD are surgery-and patient-related risk factors, respectively 2,4,7-9. Several prophylactic treatment strategies have been proposed to prevent PJK, including teriparatide administration and cement augmentation of adjacent vertebra 10-12. However, since PJK appears to be a multi-factorial phenomenon, more research is needed, especially on the effects of spinal alignment and level of fusion. Although previous studies described the biomechanical aspects

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Validation of a full body finite element model (THUMS) for running-type impacts to the lower extremity

Cited by 7 publications

References 41 publications

Modeling of the fracture energy on the finite element simulation in Ti6Al4V alloy machining

Modeling of the fracture energy on the finite element simulation in Ti6Al4V alloy machining

Development and validation of a distal radius finite element model to simulate impact loading indicative of a forward fall

The effect of posterior tethers on the biomechanics of proximal junctional kyphosis: The whole human finite element model analysis

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