Validation and Test of Measurement Invariance of the Adapted Health Consciousness Scale (HCS-G)

Abstract

The objective of this study was the translation and validation of a health consciousness scale in order to provide an economically and empirically confirmed measurement of health consciousness, which is associated with health-related behavior. We evaluated this translation on the basis of psychometric testing in a German convenience sample. A cross-sectional online survey (n = 470) was carried out using a translated version of the health consciousness scale, oriented on the basis of international guidelines. As previous studies have not consistently confirmed the factorial structure of the health consciousness scale, we conducted a Confirmatory Factor Analysis to verify its factorial structure. Furthermore, we cross-validated the questionnaire with other scales in order to verify convergent and discriminant validity. The results indicated a two-factor solution for the Health Consciousness Scale-German (HCS-G). The criterion validity was confirmed on the basis of a significantly positive correlation between the HCS-G and health literacy. Furthermore, strict measurement invariance was able to be verified, indicating that the HCS-G is an applicable measurement, regardless of gender. In practical research, this questionnaire can help to assess health consciousness and its influence on health-related constructs. Future studies should consider possible mediating variables between health consciousness and health outcomes.

A Psychometric and Relative Importance Evaluation of Health Literacy and Health Consciousness on COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors Among Hispanic Adults

“…Higher values imply more health consciousness. The psychometric properties of the scale have been verified in studies, which also have presented a correlation between HCS scores and multiple health behaviors and practices ( Gould, 1988 , 1990 ; Marsall et al, 2021 ). Additional studies have validated the psychometric properties of the scale among racial/ethnic minoritized samples ( Espinosa & Kadić-Maglajlić, 2018 , 2019 ).…”

Do Female Generation Z Have Purchase Intention on Green Cosmetic Based on Their Environmental Knowledge, Environmental Concern, Health Consciousness, Attitude and Subjective Norm?

“…In addition, consumers are very concerned about the certification and raw components of each product they use, showing a fairly high concern for their own health). Research conducted by Xu et al, 2020b;Kusumaningsih et al, 2019;Nguyen et al, 2019;and Marsall et al, 2021 showed that health consciousness has a significant effect on purchase intention of green products. Hypothesis 3: Health consciousness affects the purchase intention of green cosmetics.…”