Validation and Cardiorespiratory Response of the 1-Min Sit-to-Stand Test in Interstitial Lung Disease

Abstract

Purpose To assess the 1-min sit-to-stand test (1STS) test–retest reliability and construct validity and its associated cardiorespiratory response in comparison to the 6-min walk test (6MWT) and symptom-limited cycling cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) in people with interstitial lung disease (ILD). Methods Fifteen participants with ILD performed two 1STS tests, a 6MWT and a CPET. The three tests were administered on three separate visits, and cardiorespiratory parameters were continuously recorded during the tests. Results The number of repetitions during both 1STS tests was 22 ± 4 and 22 ± 4 (mean difference of 0.53 ± 2.00 repetitions, P = 0.32) with an intraclass correlation of 0.937 (95% confidence interval, 0.811–0.979]) and a minimal detectable change of 2.9 repetitions. The number of 1STS repetitions was highly correlated with the 6MWT distance (r = 0.823, P < 0.001) and with the peak cycling power output expressed in % predicted values (r = 0.706, P < 0.003). Oxygen consumption (V˙O2) peak during the 1STS reached 83% and 78% of V˙O2 peak during 6MWT and CPET, respectively. Peak 1STS HR, minute ventilation (V˙E,), V˙O2 values, as well as nadir SpO2 were achieved during the recovery phase of the test, whereas peak 6MWT and CPET HR, V˙E, V˙O2 and nadir SpO2 always occurred at the end of the test. The three tests elicited a similar fall in SpO2 ranging between 8% and 12%. Symptom scores after the 1STS were similar to those seen at the end of the 6MWT but lower than those of CPET. Conclusions The 1STS showed excellent test–retest reliability in patients with ILD in whom it elicited a substantial, but submaximal cardiorespiratory response. Our data also support the construct validity of the 1STS to assess functional exercise capacity in patients with ILD and to detect exercise-induced O2 desaturation.

The 1-minute sit-to-stand test to detect desaturation during 6-minute walk test in interstitial lung disease

“…The heart rate post 1STST was also slightly lower than post 6MWT. Although our patient background was older and had a lower BMI (body mass index) and higher diffusion capacity than previously reported, these findings are almost in line with those of previous studies 15 , 16 . These slight differences in SpO 2 nadir values and heart rate can be attributed to the fact that the 6MWT may introduce more muscle groups in a systemic exercise and longer exercise duration than the 1STST.…”

“…The 1STST requires only a chair and is easily applicable in a small amount of time, making it feasible for use in the primary healthcare setting. In patients with ILD, nadir desaturation during the 1STST was correlated with nadir desaturation during 6MWT 15 , 16 . However, little is known about 1STST reliability as an alternative tool to the 6MWT in ILD patients with normal resting blood oxygen levels.…”

“…The 1STST was performed using a standardized protocol with a standard height chair (46 cm) without armrests positioned against a wall 15 , 16 , 32 , 33 . The test was first demonstrated by the physician and then performed by the patients.…”

Which functional outcome measures can we use as a surrogate for exercise capacity during remote cardiopulmonary rehabilitation assessments? A rapid narrative review

“…This may affect the review conclusions. Since this review one study assessed the 1 minute STS with the 6MWT (r=0.82) and CPET (r=0.71), however this was in a small sample (n=15) of ILD patients with a high risk of bias (40). Therefore, this would not change the conclusion of this review.…”

What is the Efficacy and Safety of Rapid Exercise Tests for Exertional Desaturation in Covid-19: A Rapid Systematic Review 

“…In a further small study of 15 participants with pulmonary brosis (again, a defect of perfusion), Labrecque et al compared the 1MSTST (done twice to assess reproducibility), 6MWT and CPET [44]. The main aim of the study was to validate the 1MSTST not as a test of exertional desaturation but as a test of exertion which consistently produces a cardiorespiratory stress.…”