Validating far-field deformation styles from the Adjara-Trialeti fold-and-thrust belt to the Greater Caucasus (Georgia) through multi-proxy thermal maturity datasets

Corrado, Sveva; Gusmeo, Thomas; Schito, Andrea; Alania, Victor; Enukidze, Onise; Conventi, Enrico; Cavazza, William

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2021.105141

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 128 publications

(225 reference statements)

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“…In the structural model presented here, the western GC functions structurally as a south-vergent imbricate fan, with larger magnitudes of exhumation and steeper bedding dips in the core of the range than on the southern flank. This view of orogenic architecture is consistent with recently published structural datasets (Mosar et al, 2022;Trexler et al, 2022) and with low temperature thermochronologic data from the orogen, which record deeper exhumation in the core of the range than along its southern flank (e.g., Corrado et al, 2021;Vincent et al, 2020;Trexler et al, 2022).…”

Section: Implications For Orogen Evolutionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Total Shortening Estimates Across the Western Greater Caucasus Mountains from Balanced Cross Sections and Area Balancing

Trexler,

Cowgill,

Vasey

et al. 2023

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The Greater Caucasus orogen forms the northern edge of the Arabia-Eurasia collision zone. Although the orogen has long been assumed to exhibit dominantly thick-skinned style deformation via reactivation of high-angle extensional faults, recent work suggests the range may have accommodated several hundred kilometers or more of shortening since its ~30 Ma initiation, and this shortening may be accommodated via thin-skinned, imbricate fan-style deformation associated with underthrusting and/or subduction. However, robust shortening estimates based upon surface geologic observations are lacking. Here we present line-length and area balanced cross sections along two transects across the western Greater Caucasus that provide minimum shortening estimates of 130-200 km. These cross sections demonstrate that a thin-skinned structural style provides a viable explanation for the structure of the Greater Caucasus, and highlight major structures that may accommodate additional, but unconstrained, shortening.

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Section: Implications For Orogen Evolutionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Total Shortening Estimates Across the Western Greater Caucasus Mountains from Balanced Cross Sections and Area Balancing

Trexler,

Cowgill,

Vasey

et al. 2023

tekt

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“…Frontiers in Earth Science frontiersin.org of the Rioni foreland basin during the Middle Miocene-Pleistocene time were deformed and shortening is concentrated at the outer part of the GC pro-wedge (Alania et al, 2021a). A similar picture can be observed in the Kura foreland fold-and-thrust belt (KFFTB), where compressional deformation began in the Middle Miocene (Alania et al, 2017;Corrado et al, 2021;Gusmeo et al, 2021).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 61%

“…Deformation of the Rioni double flexural foreland basin (Banks et al, 1997) was controlled by the action of two opposing orogenic fronts, the LC retro-wedge to the south and the GC pro-wedge to the north (Alania et al, 2021a). The tectonic evolution of LC and GC is the result of the Arabia-Eurasia collision during Alpine times, which led to the inversion of back-arc basins and the formation of two orogens with the Rioni and Kura foreland basins in between (Figure 1B) (e.g., Adamia et al, 1981;Sobornov, 1996;Banks et al, 1997;Mosar et al, 2010;Nemcok et al, 2013;Cowgill et al, 2016;Sosson et al, 2016;Tari et al, 2018;Alania et al, 2021a;Alania et al, 2021b;Alania et al, 2021c;Corrado et al, 2021;Gusmeo et al, 2021;Gusmeo et al, 2022;Tari et al, 2021;Cowgill et al, 2022;Mosar et al, 2022). The Rioni and Kura foreland basins in turn are divided from each other by the Imereti Uplift Zone (IUZ) (Figure 1B).…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deformation structural style of the rioni foreland fold-and-thrust belt, western greater caucasus: Insight from the balanced cross-section

et al. 2022

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The Rioni foreland fold-and-thrust belt is part of the Greater Caucasus pro-wedge and is one of the most important examples of the collision-driven far-field deformation of the Arabia-Eurasia convergence zone. Here we show the deformation structural style of the Rioni foreland fold-and-thrust belt based on seismic reflection profiles and regional balanced cross-section. The main style of deformation within the Rioni foreland fold-and-thrust belt is represented by a set of fault-propagation folds, duplexes, and triangle zone. The regional balanced cross-section shows that fault-propagation folds above the upper detachment level can develop by piggyback and break-back thrust sequences. Formation of fault-bend fold duplex structures above the lower detachment is related to piggyback thrust sequences. A balanced section restoration of compressional structures across the Rioni foreland fold-and-thrust belt provides a minimum estimate of shortening of −40%, equivalent −42.78 km. The synclines within the Rioni foreland fold-and-thrust belt are filled by the Middle Miocene-Pleistocene shallow marine and continental syn-tectonic sediments, forming a series of typical thrust-top basins. Fault-propagation folds and duplex structures formed the main structure of the thrust-top basin. The evolution of the thrust-top basins was mainly controlled by the kinematics of thrust sequences. Using end-member modes of thrust sequences, the thrust-top basins are divided into: 1) Type I-piggyback basin, 2) Type II-break-back basin, and 3) Type III—formation of thrust-top basin characterized by bi-vergent geometry and related to combined, piggyback and piggyback back thrust sequences.

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“…The ATFTB resulted from the structural inversion of a deformed back-arc rift-basin fill; the basin was the likely eastward prolongation of the eastern Black Sea, which opened in Cretaceous-Eocene times (Adamia et al 2011b;Sosson et al 2016). The present-day geometry of the ATFTB is related to the northward thrusting of the basement wedge(s) and developed from the middle or late Miocene to the Pleistocene (Banks et al 1997;Alania et al 2017;Corrado et al 2021;Gusmeo et al 2021). The ATFTB is composed of syn-rift (Cretaceous-upper Eocene), post-rift (Oligocene-lower Miocene) megasequences, and synorogenic strata (middle Miocene-Pleistocene).…”

Section: Geological Setting and Localitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acta Geologica Polonica

Uchman,

Lebanidze,

Kobakhidze

et al. 2022

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The first recognition of a tracemaker responding to a temporary shift in the redox boundary is recognized. This is recorded by a new trace fossil, Sursumichnus orbicularis igen. et isp. nov., which is established for mound-like structures on the upper surfaces of sandstone beds from the Borjomi Flysch (upper Paleocene–lower Eocene) in the Lesser Caucasus (Georgia). It is connected with the spatangoid echinoid burrow Scolicia de Quatrefages, 1849 and interpreted as a resting trace of the same tracemaker produced after moving up from a deeper position within the sediment. The resting is caused by an episode of unfavourable conditions related to shallowing of the redox boundary. The trace fossil is a component of the Nereites ichnofacies.

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Validating far-field deformation styles from the Adjara-Trialeti fold-and-thrust belt to the Greater Caucasus (Georgia) through multi-proxy thermal maturity datasets

Cited by 10 publications

References 128 publications

Total Shortening Estimates Across the Western Greater Caucasus Mountains from Balanced Cross Sections and Area Balancing

Total Shortening Estimates Across the Western Greater Caucasus Mountains from Balanced Cross Sections and Area Balancing

Deformation structural style of the rioni foreland fold-and-thrust belt, western greater caucasus: Insight from the balanced cross-section

Acta Geologica Polonica

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