Validated Assessment Scales for the Mid Face

Carruthers, Jean; Flynn, Timothy C.; Geister, Thorin L.; Görtelmeyer, Roman; Hardas, Bhushan; Himmrich, Silvia; Jones, Derek; Kerscher, Martina; Maio, Maurício de; Mohrmann, Cornelia; Narins, Rhoda S.; Pooth, Rainer; Rzany, Berthold; Sattler, Gerhard; Buchner, Larry; Benter, Ursula; Breitscheidel, Lusine; Carruthers, Alastair

doi:10.1111/j.1524-4725.2011.02251.x

Cited by 81 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The rationale was that these areas had validated scales based on objective criteria that had been developed through joint collaboration between various aesthetic specialists including dermatologists, oculoplastic surgeons, and plastic surgeons at interdisciplinary and international conferences. The collaboration used to create these scales indicates both an applicability and usability among various specialties [4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using the descriptions previously noted in the McCollough Facial Rejuvenation System and a series of photo numerical scales rated from 0-4 that had been previously validated [4][5][6][7], points were assigned to each stage (Table 1). For example, the patient who falls into a stage I would only have slight adiposity, usually seen in the jowl and submandibular regions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A Pearson correlation coefficient was also calculated for each total score and stage comparing each rater on a head to head basis (INTERrater reliability) for time 1 and 2. Values greater than 0.6 are considered to be high correlation [7].…”

Section: Notementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A Pearson correlation coefficient greater than 0.6 is considered to have high correlation [7]. To assess the reliability of both the subscales and the stage, patients were assessed by four facial plastic surgeons, at least 30 days apart.…”

Section: Notementioning

confidence: 99%

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Establishing Objectivity in the McCollough Facial Rejuvenation System

McCollough¹

2016

OHNS

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Notementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Notementioning

confidence: 99%

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Establishing Objectivity in the McCollough Facial Rejuvenation System

McCollough¹

2016

OHNS

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“…Rzany et al [7], Flynn et al [8], and Carruthers et al [9] all employed the use of the Canfield Vectra CR10 tripod photographic system to validate facial assessment scales began in 2009. No specification was available for the resolution of the Canfield device used except that it employs stereo photogrammetry which records high resolution in terms of pixels, and hence accurate color reproduction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the Face of Cosmetic Medicine: An Automatic Three-dimensional Analysis System for Facial Rejuvenation

Molton¹,

Shah²,

Bennamoun³

2016

J Aesthet Reconstr Surg

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Association of Facial Exercise With the Appearance of Aging

et al. 2018

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complete remission and no adverse events were observed. However, 5 patients experienced grade 3 or 4 adverse events (1 patient had sepsis; 2, diabetes; 1, hypertension; and 2, endocrine disorders) between the initial cycle and the first rituximab maintenance infusion. At their last follow-up visit (median [range], 78 [42-147] months after the first cycle of rituximab), all 11 patients remained in complete remission, with 10 patients having discontinued rituximab maintenance therapy. Serum anti-desmoglein 1 and 3 antibody levels, which had been high before rituximab treatment, decreased markedly and remained below 14 U/mL during rituximab maintenance therapy (Table 2). Discussion | The results of this case series indicated that rituximab can be used as single maintenance therapy, without a systemic corticosteroid, with good efficacy and tolerance in patients having severe pemphigus requiring long-term therapy for prevention of relapse. This study supplements a previous one showing the efficacy of rituximab alone in the treatment of relapse to pemphigus initially controlled with a combination of rituximab and corticosteroid. 6 We found that treatment with rituximab alone, even at a low dose, not only prevented relapse but also maintained complete remission with a better benefit to risk ratio than treatment with corticosteroids. The maintenance therapy was shown to be effective for preventing relapse despite shortcomings inherent in retrospective studies (eg, heterogeneity of patient pemphigus history and variable length of rituximab maintenance therapy), highlighting the feasibility of such an approach. A progressive decrease in serum anti-desmoglein autoantibody levels to less than 14 U/mL occurred in all cases along with clinical complete remission even after maintenance therapy cessation. Practical questions remain about the rituximab treatment regimen, including the optimal dose (500 mg or 1 g), frequency of administration (every 6 months or 1 year), and immunologic criteria enabling treatment withdrawal (negative direct immunofluorescence results or low serum autoantibody levels), and the cost-effectiveness of this maintenance therapy in patients with pemphigus. The criteria we used to discontinue rituximab maintenance therapy were persistent complete clinical remission and serum anti-desmoglein 1 and 3 autoantibody levels less than 14 U/mL for at least 1 year. Further prospective studies are warranted to identify patients for treatment with maintenance rituximab therapy and to optimize long-term management of difficult-to-treat pemphigus.

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Validated Assessment Scales for the Mid Face

Abstract: The mid face scales are reliable tools for valid and reproducible assessment of age-related mid face changes.

Cited by 81 publications

References 32 publications

Establishing Objectivity in the McCollough Facial Rejuvenation System

Establishing Objectivity in the McCollough Facial Rejuvenation System

Improving the Face of Cosmetic Medicine: An Automatic Three-dimensional Analysis System for Facial Rejuvenation

Association of Facial Exercise With the Appearance of Aging

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