Validação preliminar de um questionário para avaliar as necessidades psicológicas básicas em Educação Física

Abstract

A teoria da autodeterminação é uma a abordagem psicológica sobre a motivação, que se preocupa com as causas e as consequências da forma como o ser humano regula o seu comportamento. Segundo vários autores, este modelo teórico pode fornecer informações importantes sobre o processo motivacional dos alunos para as aulas de Educação Física, no entanto, em Portugal não existe ainda nenhum instrumento de avaliação das necessidades psicológicas básicas neste contexto. Desta forma, o objectivo principal deste estudo é a validação preliminar da adaptação à Educação Física da versão Portuguesa do Basic Psychological Needs Exercise Scale (BPNESp), determinando as suas qualidades psicométri-cas iniciais através de uma análise factorial exploratória do modelo que a suporta. Para tal, participaram no estudo 150 alunos (n = 150) do 2º e 3º CEB, com idades compreendidas entre os 11 e 16 anos (M = 13.39, DP = 1.44) e com diferentes níveis de prática desportiva. Os resultados obtidos revelaram uma estrutura factorial igual à versão original (12 itens agrupados em 3 factores, com 4 itens em cada factor), que apresentam índi-ces bastante aceitáveis de validade e fiabilidade, o que leva a concluir que este questioná-rio poderá ser utilizado, com um elevado grau de confiança, em futuras investigações que pretendam avaliar as necessidades psicológicas básicas no contexto da Educação Física. Palavras-chave: avaliação psicológica, educação física, teoria da autodeterminação Preliminary validation of a questionnaire to measure basic psychological needs in Physical EducationThe self-determination theory is a psychological approach to motivation that focuses on causes and consequences of human behavior regulation. According several authors, this theoretical framework could provide important information about the student's motivational process to physical education class, however, in Portugal does not exists any instrument to measure the basic psychological needs in this domain. So, the main propose of this study is the preliminary adaptation to physical education contexts of Basic Psychological Needs Exercise Scale (Portuguese version: BPNESp), and determine their initial psychometrics properties through an exploratory factor analysis. This propose was accomplished with a sample of 150 students (n=150) from de 2 nd and 3 rd CEB, aged from 11 to 16 years (M = 13.39, SD = 1.44) with different levels of sports practice. Results revealed a factorial structure just like the original model (12 items grouped in 3 factors, with 4 items hitch factor) and presents acceptable values of validity and reliability. Those findings allow us to conclude, that questionnaire can be used in future investigations to measure the basic psychological needs in physical education.

Adaptation and validation of the Portuguese version of Basic Psychological Needs Exercise Scale (BPNESp) to the sport domain and invariance across football and swimming

“…This supports using the measurement model in different cultures, for which the scientific evidence was posteriorly confirmed in a transcultural study regarding the invariances of the measurement model of the BPNES between Greece, Turkey, Spain and Portugal (Vlachopoulos et al, 2013). Further, the Portuguese version of the BPNESp was also adapted and validated preliminary for the physical education context (Pires, Cid, Borrego, Alves, & Silva, 2010), whose model was confirmed in a transcultural study between Portugal and Brazil, where it supported the adequacy of the measurement model for these two countries, as well as their invariance (Cid et al, 2016). In addition to this evidence, some multi-sample studies over the past few years have shown that the basic psychological needs are equivalent across gender, i.e.…”

Interpersonal styles, motivation and satisfaction in physical education classes and physical activity level in adolescents

“…A questionnaire was applied to assess basic psychological needs in physical education (NPBEF), adapted for Portuguese by Pires, Luís, Borrego, Alves, and Silva (2010) from the Basic Psychological Needs in Exercise Scale (BPNESp) (Vlachopoulos & Michailidou, 2006) and validated for the Brazilian population by Lettnin (2013). The questionnaire consists of 12 items encompassing three dimensions: autonomy (e.g.…”

Strategic tool to estimate the consumption patterns of non-residents spectators at sporting events (Liga NOS): Adaptation to Portuguese reality

“…Through the analysis of Table 3 we can see that the answers to items OE_1, OE_4, OE_7, OE_8, OE_9 and OE_10 do not have a normal distribution, since the standard value (Z value) (PIRES et al, 2010).…”