Valgus Laxity of the Ulnar Collateral Ligament of the Elbow in Collegiate Athletes

Singh, Hardayal; Osbahr, Daryl C.; Wickham, M. Quinn; Kirkendall, Donald T.; Speer, Kevin P.

doi:10.1177/03635465010290050601

Cited by 37 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…We did not find any significant difference in laxity between the dominant and non-dominant extremities in the goalkeepers or between the group of goalkeepers and the control group. Our results agree with findings of Singh et al 19 that no numerical value can confidently determine the pathological status of the ulnar collateral ligament of the elbow when using stress radiography.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Hyperextension trauma to the elbow: radiological and ultrasonographic evaluation in handball goalkeepers

Popović

Lemaire²

2002

Br J Sports Med

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Objective: To detect elbow lesions produced by hyperextension in 30 elite handball goalkeepers. Methods: Conventional radiographs, stress radiographs, and ultrasound examination of both elbows were used. As a control group, 30 male volunteers from the general population within the same age group with no history of elbow injury were used. Results: Radiographic findings in the goalkeepers were osteophyte formation in 67%, loose bodies in 5.5%, and periarticular calcification in 5.5%. Significantly greater differences in medial joint space opening between stressed and unstressed elbows were measured in both elbows than in the control group. Ultrasonographic findings showed thickening of the medial collateral ligament in 50%, thickening of the tricipital tendon in 11%, and signs of ulnar neuritis in 22%. An intra-articular effusion was found in 66% and small loose bodies in 33%. No significant differences were found between the dominant and non-dominant elbows at radiological and ultrasound examination. The findings in the control group were normal. Conclusions: The findings support the theory that repetitive hyperextension trauma to the elbow in handball goalkeepers results in pathological changes. S ports injuries involving the structures of the elbow occur in distinct patterns.1 In the past, most studies of elbow injuries have been in athletes in throwing or other overhead sports.2-4 The injuries are usually chronic in nature and the result of repetitive overload of medial structures of the elbow. 5-7

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Hyperextension trauma to the elbow: radiological and ultrasonographic evaluation in handball goalkeepers

Popović

Lemaire²

2002

Br J Sports Med

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“…However, from the proximal attachment of the UCL on the medial epicondyle to the proximal ulna footprint, the ligament length was 24.7 mm, which was almost identical to our study and comparable with previous studies 19 . We believe that our UCL length measurements provide reasonable representations of the functional anatomic restraint of the medial elbow under valgus stress but not the actual length of the anterior band of the UCL 11 , 20 …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Reliability and Precision of Stress Sonography of the Ulnar Collateral Ligament

Bica

Armen

Kulas

et al. 2015

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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“…1,15,28,39 Harada et al 18 reported that 45 of 108 young baseball players had elbow pain, and 28 players had abnormal bone fragments in the medial aspect of the elbows confirmed by ultrasonography. Meanwhile Hang et al 16 revealed that 52% of baseball pitchers had medial elbow pain, and 57% had separation of the medial epicondyle.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Elbow Bracing on Medial Elbow Joint Space Gapping Associated With Repetitive Throwing in High School Baseball Players

Hattori

Akasaka

Otsudo

et al. 2017

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine

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Background:Throwing athletes risk medial elbow injury from extreme valgus stress generated across the medial elbow during throwing. Braces have been developed to protect the elbow joint; however, no previous study has investigated the effects of elbow bracing on medial elbow joint space gapping associated with repetitive throwing.Hypothesis/Purpose:The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of elbow bracing on medial elbow joint space gapping during repetitive throwing. Our hypothesis was that an elbow brace may reduce mechanical stress on the elbow by reducing medial elbow joint space gapping.Study Design:Controlled laboratory study.Methods:Twenty-five high school baseball players participated in this study. Each subject pitched 100 times under 2 conditions: control (without elbow brace) and elbow brace. The ulnohumeral joint space was measured ultrasonically before pitching and after every block of 20 pitches. Measurement of the ulnohumeral joint space was carried out using ultrasound with the forearm hanging by the side. Two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance and post hoc tests were used to compare ulnohumeral joint space with repeated pitching and between the elbow brace and control conditions.Results:In the control condition, ulnohumeral joint space after 60 pitches was significantly greater than that before pitching (P < .01). In contrast, in the elbow brace condition, ulnohumeral joint space was not significantly different after repeated pitching. When comparing these 2 conditions, ulnohumeral joint space in the control condition was significantly greater than that in the elbow brace condition after 60 pitches (P < .01).Conclusion:An elbow brace has the effect of preventing medial elbow joint space gapping with repeated throwing when determined ultrasonically by measuring the ulnohumeral joint space under gravity load.Clinical Relevance:An elbow brace worn during baseball pitching practice may help reduce mechanical stress on the elbow by reducing medial elbow joint space gapping.

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Valgus Laxity of the Ulnar Collateral Ligament of the Elbow in Collegiate Athletes

Cited by 37 publications

References 16 publications

Hyperextension trauma to the elbow: radiological and ultrasonographic evaluation in handball goalkeepers

Hyperextension trauma to the elbow: radiological and ultrasonographic evaluation in handball goalkeepers

Reliability and Precision of Stress Sonography of the Ulnar Collateral Ligament

The Effects of Elbow Bracing on Medial Elbow Joint Space Gapping Associated With Repetitive Throwing in High School Baseball Players

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