Vaginal yeast flora of pregnant women in the Gusco region of Peru

Vidotto, V.; Ochoa, Laura Guevara; Ponce, L.-M.; Tello, Galvez; Prada, Guillermo; Bruatto, Massimo

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0507.1992.tb00853.x

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…Depending on the age, locality, and social economical status, the frequency of vaginal yeast isolates has been reported to be between 5% and 48.4% in healthy nonpregnant women [ 4 – 6 ]. During pregnancy, an increase of 7.8% and 67.8% of yeast vaginal isolates has been reported [ 7 , 8 ]. A study in Jordan revealed a different distribution of strains of Candida spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species Distribution and Susceptibility to Azoles of Vaginal Yeasts Isolated Prostitutes

Gross

Arias

Moraga

et al. 2007

Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Objective. We investigated the use of miconazole among female prostitutes in Costa Rica as well as the distribution of vaginal yeasts and the susceptibility pattern to azoles of strains obtained from this population. Our intention was to relate a frequent use of miconazole to occurrence of vaginal yeasts resistant to azoles. Methods. Vaginal samples were taken from 277 patients that have previously used azoles. Vaginal swabs were obtained for direct microscopy and culture. Yeast isolates were identified by germ tube test and assimilation pattern. Susceptibility testing was determined using a tablet diffusion method. Results. The number of clinical Candida isolates (one from each patient) was 57 (20.6%). C. albicans was the predominant species (70%), followed by C. parapsilosis (12%), C. tropicalis (5.3%), C. glabrata and C. famata (3.5% each), C. krusei, C. inconspicua and C. guilliermondii (1.7% each). The majority of vaginal Candida isolates were susceptible to ketoconazole (91%), fluconazole (96.5%), and itraconazole (98%). A lower susceptibility of some isolates to miconazole (63%) was observed as compared to the other azoles tested. Moreover, the strains, nonsusceptible to miconazole, were more often obtained from patients that have used this antifungal at least four times within the last year before taking the samples as compared to those with three or less treatments (P<.01). Conclusion. An indiscriminate use of miconazole, such as that observed among female prostitutes in Costa Rica, results in a reduced susceptibility of vaginal yeasts to miconazole but not to other azoles.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species Distribution and Susceptibility to Azoles of Vaginal Yeasts Isolated Prostitutes

Gross

Arias

Moraga

et al. 2007

Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology

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“…In this study, we obtained isolates of C. albicans, Rhodotorula spp., C. parapsilosis, N. glabratus, C. tropicalis, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. All these species have already been reported several times in samples from the female genital region, particularly from the vagina [9,11,12,[17][18][19][20][21][22]25]. We analyzed the samples from patients with symptoms of vaginal, vulvovaginal, or vulvar infections, as well as from patients with uncharacteristic or mild symptoms and asymptomatic patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncovering the Yeast Diversity in the Female Genital Tract: An Exploration of Spatial Distribution and Antifungal Resistance

et al. 2023

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Candida albicans is the leading cause of vulvovaginal yeast infections; however, other species are becoming relevant in this niche. The spatial distribution of these fungi in the female genital tract remains poorly understood. In this study, swab samples were collected from 33 patients, first from the anterior vulva and then from the upper third and right lateral wall of the vagina: 16 were with symptoms of vulvovaginal candidiasis and 17 were without characteristic symptoms; furthermore, the genus and species of each isolate were identified. In vitro susceptibility testing for fluconazole and clotrimazole was performed for all isolates. Candida albicans was the most common species (63.6%), followed by Rhodotorula spp. (51.5%), and then Candida parapsilosis (15.2%). Rhodotorula spp. and C. parapsilosis were more commonly associated with colonization, and C. albicans with infection. Rhodotorula spp. isolates presented a low susceptibility to fluconazole, with the MIC ranging from 32 to >64 µg/mL. Differences in susceptibility to fluconazole and clotrimazole between the pairs of vaginal and vulvar isolates were found for Candida albicans, Rhodotorula spp., and Nakaseomyces glabratus. The results suggest that different niches may impact the susceptibility profiles of the isolates, as well as their different clinical behaviors.

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“…It is important to note as well that several species of rare yeasts are medically important in Latin America, even though cases of severe infections have not been reported in many countries. S. cerevisiae, Rhodotorula sp., and T. cutaneum were found as part of the vaginal yeast flora, some of them causing vulvovaginitis, in pregnant women living in Peru [128]. Trichosporon and Rhodotorula species have been reported as causing vaginosis in Venezuela [129].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare Yeasts in Latin America: Uncommon Yet Meaningful

Gil,

Hernández-Pabón,

Tabares

et al. 2023

JoF

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Systemic infections caused by rare yeasts are increasing given the rise in immunocompromised or seriously ill patients. Even though globally, the clinical significance of these emerging opportunistic yeasts is increasingly being recognized, less is known about the epidemiology of rare yeasts in Latin America. This review collects, analyzes, and contributes demographic and clinical data from 495 cases of infection caused by rare yeasts in the region. Among all cases, 32 species of rare yeasts, distributed in 12 genera, have been reported in 8 Latin American countries, with Trichosporon asahii (49.5%), Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (11.1%), and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (7.8%) the most common species found. Patients were mostly male (58.3%), from neonates to 84 years of age. Statistically, surgery and antibiotic use were associated with higher rates of Trichosporon infections, while central venous catheter, leukemia, and cancer were associated with higher rates of Rhodotorula infections. From all cases, fungemia was the predominant diagnosis (50.3%). Patients were mostly treated with amphotericin B (58.7%). Crude mortality was 40.8%, with a higher risk of death from fungemia and T. asahii infections. Culture was the main diagnostic methodology. Antifungal resistance to one or more drugs was reported in various species of rare yeasts.

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Vaginal yeast flora of pregnant women in the Gusco region of Peru

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Species Distribution and Susceptibility to Azoles of Vaginal Yeasts Isolated Prostitutes

Species Distribution and Susceptibility to Azoles of Vaginal Yeasts Isolated Prostitutes

Uncovering the Yeast Diversity in the Female Genital Tract: An Exploration of Spatial Distribution and Antifungal Resistance

Rare Yeasts in Latin America: Uncommon Yet Meaningful

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