Vaginal lactobacillosis

Horowitz, Benson J.; Mårdh, Per‐Anders; Nagy, Elisabeth; Rank, Elliot L.

doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(94)70298-5

Cited by 43 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Sexually transmitted infections can be caused by bacterial species (e.g., Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Treponema pallidum ), parasites ( Trichomonas vaginalis ) and viruses (e.g., human immunodeficiency virus, human papillomavirus, herpes simplex virus) [45]. Alternatively, dysbioses that have been described include BV [46], Candida (yeast) infections [47], aerobic vaginitis [48] [49], overgrowth of lactobacilli [50], and atrophic vaginitis [51]. Both sexually transmitted infections and vaginal dysbioses must be considered in the vaginal ecosystem.…”

Section: Vaginal Infections and Imbalancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Era of the Vaginal Microbiome: Advances Using Next‐Generation Sequencing

Fettweis

Serrano

Girerd

et al. 2012

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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Until recently, bacterial species that inhabit the human vagina have been primarily studied using organism-centric approaches. Understanding how these bacterial species interact with each other and the host vaginal epithelium is essential for a more complete understanding of vaginal health. Molecular approaches have already led to the identification of uncultivated bacterial taxa associated with bacterial vaginosis. Here, we review recent studies of the vaginal microbiome and discuss how culture-independent approaches, such as applications of next-generation sequencing, are advancing the field and shifting our understanding of how vaginal health is defined. This work may to lead to improved diagnostic tools and treatments for women who suffer from, or are at risk for, vaginal imbalances, pregnancy complications, and sexually acquired infections. These approaches may also transform our understanding of how host genetic factors, physiological conditions (e.g. menopause) and environmental exposures (e.g. smoking, antibiotic usage) influence the vaginal microbiome.

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Section: Vaginal Infections and Imbalancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Era of the Vaginal Microbiome: Advances Using Next‐Generation Sequencing

Fettweis

Serrano

Girerd

et al. 2012

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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“…lichen sclerosis, vestibulitis, vulval dermatitis, vulvodynia, lactobacillosis 53 and cytolytic vaginosis 54 (a condition due to overgrowth of lactobacilli in the vagina). The latter two conditions may be easily recognized by microscopy of vaginal stained secretion.…”

Section: Differential Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In some RVVC cases, notably few bacteria may be found in vaginal smears (`sterile vagina'), which may be due to self-treatment with compounds with an antibacterial effect. It must be stressed that sexually transmitted infections (STIs) may occur concomitantly with RVVC 53 , which should alert a search for STI agents in RVVC cases.…”

Section: Differential Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Facts and myths on recurrent vulvovaginal candidosis—a review on epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, pathogenesis and therapy

Rodrigues²,

et al. 2002

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Summary:Approximately three-quarters of all women will experience an episode of vulvovaginal candidosis at least once in their life and 5± 10% of them will have more than one attack. Women suffering from three to four attacks within 12 months will be diagnosed with recurrent vulvovaginal candidosis (RVVC). This review covers the large number of proposed aetiological factors for RVVC. The diagnosis of the condition made by conventional means by health providers is often false and is also often misdiagnosed by the affected woman herself. The review covers various methods of diagnosing RVVC and the current knowledge on potential pathogenetic mechanisms proposed for genital candida infections. Treatment of RVVC, including local and systemic antimicrobial therapy and behaviour modi® cation to decrease the risk of recurrences, are discussed. Recent knowledge on drug resistance in candida is also included.

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“…Some women presented with elongated rods 16 , which may have been the result of local therapy with antibiotics and/or with non-antibiotic antibiotics. Similar therapies might also explain the observation of why very few bacteria were found in some smears (`sterile vagina') of some of our patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microscopy of stained smears of vaginal secretion in the diagnosis of recurrent vulvovaginal candidosis

2002

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This study was undertaken to determine the value of stained smears from the vaginal introitus and the posterior vaginal fornix for detection of candida morphotypes in the diagnosis of recurrent vulvovaginal candidosis (RVVC) in cases with an assumed novel attack of the condition, and to compare the value of microscopy of such smears in relation to candida culture, vaginal pH-determinations and leucocyte esterase tests (LE). One hundred and thirteen women with a history and a current assumed attack of RVVC were studied by means of culture of samples from the vaginal introitus and posterior vaginal fornix on Sabouraud and CHROMagar. Microscopy of methylene blue- and Gram-stained smears from these sites was performed. The pH of vaginal secretion and the LE activity in vaginal flushing fluid was measured. Candida morphotypes were found significantly more often in the smears from candida culture-positive than culture-negative women. There was no difference in this respect between the findings in the methylene blue- and Gram-stained smears. Differences were found in candida morphotypes among Candida albicans and non-albicans-positive cases, as blastoconidia were detected only in the latter cases. The leukocyte esterase activity score was higher in the candida-positive than in candida-negative cases. The study showed that microscopy of fixed, stained genital smears can play a role in attempts to distinguish cases infected and not infected by candida among patients consulting with an assumed novel attack of RVVC. Study of methylene blue-stained smears is recommended as they represent an easier means than Gram-stained smears to diagnose genital candida infections in assumed RVVC cases.

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Vaginal lactobacillosis

Abstract: Lactobacilli vaginosis is associated with extremely long lactobacilli. The cause of this morphologic transformation is unknown. The condition can be effectively treated with antibiotics.

Cited by 43 publications

References 7 publications

A New Era of the Vaginal Microbiome: Advances Using Next‐Generation Sequencing

A New Era of the Vaginal Microbiome: Advances Using Next‐Generation Sequencing

Facts and myths on recurrent vulvovaginal candidosis—a review on epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, pathogenesis and therapy

Microscopy of stained smears of vaginal secretion in the diagnosis of recurrent vulvovaginal candidosis

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