Vaginal Douching: Association With Lower Genital Tract Infections in African Pregnant Women

Ruche, Guy La; Messou, Nogbou; Ali-Napo, L.; Noba, Valentin; Faye-Ketté, H.; Combe, P; Bonard, Dominique; Sylla-Koko, F; Dhéha, Djokouéhi; Welffens-Ekra, Christiane; Dosso, Mireille; Msellati, Philippe

doi:10.1097/00007435-199904000-00001

Cited by 77 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The 85.5% prevalence of douching found in this study was higher than the 70% reported in Egypt [31], the 58.5% reported among African American women in child-bearing age [32], close to the 90% documented in a South African study [33] but lower than the 97% reported in Cote d'Ivoire (La Ruche et al 1999). Vaginal douching appears to be common especially among Black women of African descent in general, by a third of women in the USA [34,35] as well as in a large proportion of women in Turkey [8].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 46%

Douching Practices among Hausa-Fulani Pregnant Women With and Without Bacterial Vaginosis in Zaria, Northwest Nigeria

Ajayi¹,

Afolabi²

2016

Transl Biomed

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Objective: The objective of this study was to examine patterns of douching practices and their association to vaginal infection among Hausa-Fulani pregnant women in Zaria, Northwest Nigeria. Study design:This health facility-based study was a descriptive cross-sectional investigation, with laboratory analysis for bacterial vaginosis and other vaginal flora.Results: Of 220 participants, 85.5% consented to regular douching practices. Commonly identified methods of douching were using hand to insert plain water (80.0%), insertion of toilet soap (55.0%), using warm water plus disinfectant/salt/ black soap (18.6%) and using a jet or stream of water (8.6%). Frequent douching was associated with douching during bathing (69.5%), after passing urine (34.1%), after sexual intercourse (16.4%), before sexual intercourse (5.9%) and at any other times (6.8%). Pregnant women who douche using fingers to insert plain water were over 1½ times more likely to have bacterial vaginosis (χ²=1.30, P-value=0.25, OR=1.67, 95% CI: 0.69, 4.09) and those who douche after sexual intercourse were about 3½ times more likely to develop Bacterial vaginosis (χ²=8.88, P-value=0.003, OR=3.42, 95% CI: 1.47, 7.93). Douching during bathing and after sexual intercourse were more prevalent among subjects aged Bacterial vaginosis positive women aged 30-34 years (100.0%) and those aged 35-39 years (75.0%) respectively. Conclusions:The practice of douching was common among the Hausa-Fulani ethnic group in Nigeria. Further studies are desirable to confirm douching practices and various vaginal pathology for effective control, education, and management of female genital tract.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 46%

Douching Practices among Hausa-Fulani Pregnant Women With and Without Bacterial Vaginosis in Zaria, Northwest Nigeria

Ajayi¹,

Afolabi²

2016

Transl Biomed

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“…Recent clinical studies suggested that women who frequently douche are associated with an increased risk of pelvic inflammatory disease, 7,8 BV, 9-11 chlamydia, 12 and other sexually transmitted infections, including HIV, [13][14][15] miscarriages, 16 premature birth of low birth-weight infants, 17 ectopic pregnancy, [18][19] and cervical cancer. 20 Nonetheless, data 21,22 that support douching exist.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many clinical studies suggest a possible association between douching and various health risks in women. These include pelvic inflammatory disease, 7,8 bacterial vaginosis (BV), [9][10][11] chlamydia, 12 and other sexually transmitted infections including HIV, [13][14][15] miscarriages, 16 premature birth of low birth-weight infants, 17 ectopic pregnancy, 18,19 and cervical cancer. 20 Although most published data argue against douching, [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] two studies indicated that douching might be medically beneficial.…”

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confidence: 99%

In vitro inhibition of commercial douche products against vaginal microflora

Pavlova

Lin

2000

Infect. Dis. Obstet. Gynecol.

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The awards are open to individual postdoctoral fellows and NIEHS Intramural Research Training Award fellows with fewer than six years of postdoctoral experience who propose to pursue academic research careers in the environmental health sciences. Successful applicants receive a letter of commitment to make an award and then have 18 months to seek a permanent tenure-track (or equivalent) faculty position at a location different from the postdoctoral appointment. The grant award is issued to that institution and provides up to $100,000 per year for three years in research and salary support.The program is announced yearly by a request for applications. Thus far, 22 scientists have made successful transitions to academic positions through the TIP program.The 2003 TIP request for applications is available online at http://grants.nih.gov/ grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-ES-03-006.html.

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“…There are only a few studies that show positive effects of vaginal douche over health. Two studies conducted in Africa found evidences that it reduces incidents of HIV and HPV (6,7) . Since these studies were conducted on groups of high risk for sexually transmitted diseases, the hypothesis that they come up to is questionable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaginal douching behavior of women and relationship among vaginal douching and vaginal discharge and demographic factors

Sunay¹,

Kaya²,

Ergün³

2011

J Turk Soc Obstet Gynecol

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Vaginal Douching: Association With Lower Genital Tract Infections in African Pregnant Women

Abstract: The study confirms the widespread practice of douching in African pregnant women. The harmful effects of antiseptics need to be substantiated.

Cited by 77 publications

References 24 publications

Douching Practices among Hausa-Fulani Pregnant Women With and Without Bacterial Vaginosis in Zaria, Northwest Nigeria

Douching Practices among Hausa-Fulani Pregnant Women With and Without Bacterial Vaginosis in Zaria, Northwest Nigeria

In vitro inhibition of commercial douche products against vaginal microflora

Vaginal douching behavior of women and relationship among vaginal douching and vaginal discharge and demographic factors

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