Vacuum pyrolysis and hydrometallurgical process for the recovery of valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries

Zhang

et al. 2016

Environ. Sci. Technol.

108

3-D MnO 2 ion cages (CMO) were fabricated and shown to have a high capacity for lithium removal from wastewater. CMO had a maximum Li(I) adsorption capacity of 56.87 mg/g, which is 1.38 times greater than the highest reported value (41.36 mg/g). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated that the stability of the −Mn−O−Mn−O− skeleton played an essential role in Li adsorption. The lattice clearance had a high charge density, forming a strong electrostatic field. The DubininAshtakhov (DA) site energy distribution model based on Polanyi theory described the linear increase of Li adsorption capacity (Q 0 ) with increasing temperature (Q 0 = k 3 × E m + d 3 = k 3 × (a × T) + d 3 ). Furthermore, the pore diffusion model (PDM) accurately predicted the lithium breakthrough (R 2 ≈ 0.99). The maximum number of bed volumes (BVs) treated was 1374, 1972, and 2493 for 200 μg/L at 20, 30, and 40°C, respectively. Higher temperatures increased the number of BVs that may be treated, which implies that CMO will be useful in treating industrial Li(I) wastewater in regions with different climates (e.g., Northern or Southern China).

Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Capturing Lithium from Wastewater Using a Fixed Bed Packed with 3-D MnO₂ Ion Cages

Zhang

et al. 2016

Environ. Sci. Technol.

108

“…e l s e v i e r . c o m / l o c a t e / w a s m a n et al., 2008;Sun and Qiu, 2011) and the separation of Co and Li (Joulié et al, 2014;Provazi et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2009). Among these studies, leaching of Co and Li from LiCoO 2 powder using hydrometallurgical techniques had attracted wide attention, besides inorganic acids Jha et al, 2013), organic oxalate (Sun and Qiu, 2012), organic citric acid (Li et al, 2010a), succinic acid , oxalic acid (Zeng et al, 2015), tartaric acid and ascorbic acid (Nayaka et al, 2016) were used as leaching agents with satisfactory achievements.…”

Section: Contents Lists Available At Sciencedirectmentioning

confidence: 99%

An environmental benign process for cobalt and lithium recovery from spent lithium-ion batteries by mechanochemical approach

2016

a b s t r a c tIn the current study, an environmental benign process namely mechanochemical approach was developed for cobalt and lithium recovery from spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The main merit of the process was that neither corrosive acid nor strong oxidant was applied. In the proposed process, lithium cobalt oxide (obtained from spent LIBs) was firstly co-grinded with various additives in a hermetic ball milling system, then Co and Li could be easily recovered by a water leaching procedure. It was found that EDTA was the most suitable co-grinding reagent, and 98% of Co and 99% of Li were respectively recovered under optimum conditions: LiCoO 2 to EDTA mass ratio 1:4, milling time 4 h, rotary speed 600 r/min and ball-to-powder mass ratio 80:1, respectively. Mechanisms study implied that lone pair electrons provided by two nitrogen atoms and four hydroxyl oxygen atoms of EDTA could enter the empty orbit of Co and Li by solid-solid reaction, thus forming stable and water-soluble metal chelates Li-EDTA and Co-EDTA. Moreover, the separation of Co and Li could be achieved through a chemical precipitation approach. This study provides a high efficiency and environmentally friendly process for Co and Li recovery from spent LIBs.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

“…1. By means of the initial charging, which takes place during battery manufacture, lithium ions migrate from the lithium compound of the cathode to the carbon material of the anode [12][13][14].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery Of Electrodic Powder From Spent Lithium Ion Batteries (LIBs)

Shin¹,

Jung²,

Lee³

et al. 2015

ODZYSK PROSZKU ELEKTRODOWEGO Z ZUŻYTYCH AKUMULATORÓW LITOWO-JONOWYCHThis study was focused on recycling process newly proposed to recover electrodic powder enriched in cobalt (Co) and lithium (Li) from spent lithium ion battery. In addition, this new process was designed to prevent explosion of batteries during thermal treatment under inert atmosphere. Spent lithium ion batteries (LIBs) were heated over the range of 300 • C to 600 • C for 2 hours and each component was completely separated inside reactor after experiment. Electrodic powder was successfully recovered from bulk components containing several pieces of metals through sieving operation. The electrodic powder obtained was examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AA) and furthermore image of the powder was taken by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was finally found that cobalt and lithium were mainly recovered to about 49 wt.% and 4 wt.% in electrodic powder, respectively.